Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

List Lancashire RegC	Blackburn RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	29,973
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	136
(1) Officers of National Government	36
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	1
Post Office	22
Inland Revenue	12
Customs	1
Government Messengers, Workmen	0
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	0
(2) Officers of Local Government	97
Magistrate	3
Police	63
Prison Officer	0
Union and Parish Officer	20
Officer of Local Board	9
Other Local Officers	2
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	3
E. India and Col. Service	3
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	69
(1) Army	60
Army Officer	2
Army Half-pay Officer	0
Soldier	14
Chelsea Pensioner	43
Militia	0
Others	1
(2) Navy	9
Navy Officer	0
Navy Half-pay Officer	1
Seaman, R.N.	5
Royal Marine	1
Greenwich Pensioner	2
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	447
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	96
Clergyman	33
Protestant Minister	29
Roman Catholic Priest	12
Other Relig. Teachers	5
Parish Clerk	0
Other Church Officers	17
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	72
Barrister	1
Solicitor	32
Law Student	0
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	7
Law Clerk	28
Law Stationer	4
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	97
Physician	3
Surgeon, Apothecary	28
Medical Student, Assist.	7
Dentist	4
Druggist	53
Others	2
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	5
Author, Editor, Writer	4
Ors. eng. in Literature	1
(5) Artists	24
Artist, Painter	2
Sculptor	3
Engraver	14
Photographic Artist	5
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	36
Musician	24
Music-master	12
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	19
Actor	13
In Theatres, Exhibitions	6
(8) Teachers	89
Schoolmaster	71
Teacher of Languages	1
Profes. of Mathematics	3
Teacher (General)	13
Teacher of Dancing	0
Other Teachers	1
(9) Scientific Persons	9
Civil Engineer	6
Other Scientific Persons	3
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	23
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	17
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	17
(4) Scholars (so described)	6
Scholar (so described)	6
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	563
(1) In Board and Lodging	432
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	140
Publican	99
Beerseller	187
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	0
Coffee-house Keeper	4
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	0
Others--Boarding, &c.	2
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	131
Domst. Serv. (General)	58
Coachman	13
Groom	8
Gardener	19
Inn Servant	29
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	0
Others	4
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	293
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	172
Merchant	2
Banker	1
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	4
Stock Broker, &c.	0
Ship Broker, Agent	0
Broker	5
Agent, Factor	39
Coal, Colliery Agent	3
Iron Merchant, Agent	1
Salesman	2
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	14
Accountant	8
Commercial Clerk	59
Commercial Traveller	34
Other Mercantile Men	0
(2) Other General Dealers	121
Pawnbroker	27
Marine-store Dealer	7
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	13
Shopkeeper	3
Hawker, Pedlar	71
Other General Dealers	0
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	415
(1) Carriers on Railways	145
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	21
Railway Official	26
Railway Servant	98
Railway Police	0
Ors. eng. in	0
(2) Carriers on Roads	129
Toll Collector	15
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	0
Livery Staple Keeper	1
Coachman (not domstc.)	46
Cabman, Flyman	8
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	59
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	35
Canal and River Service	9
Bargeman, Waterman	26
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	28
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	25
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	0
Wharfinger	1
Others	2
(5) Engaged in Storage	41
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	39
Others in Storage	2
(6) Messengers and Porters	37
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	36
Telegraph Service	1
Others in Messages	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	2,270
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	2,156
Land Proprietor	13
Farmer, Grazier	862
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	152
Farm Bailiff	8
Agricultural Labourer	918
Shepherd (out-door)	2
Farm Servant (in-door)	171
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	29
Others in Agriculture	1
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	4
Woodman	4
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	110
Gardener	108
Nurseryman	2
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	109
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	109
Horse Dealer	0
Horsebreaker	2
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	47
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	7
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	14
Drover	3
Pig Merchant, Dealer	0
Gamekeeper	32
Vermin Destroyer	1
Fisherman	1
Others about Animals	2
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	3,411
(1) In Books	85
Bookseller, Publisher	22
Bookbinder	8
Printer	43
Newspaper Agent	10
Others in Publications	2
(2) In Musical Instrument	5
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	1
Others	4
(3) In Prints and Pictures	5
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	3
Others	2
(4) In Carving and Figures	1
Wood-carver	0
Others	1
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	3
Toy Maker, Dealer	2
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	1
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	34
Pattern Designer	25
Others	9
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	31
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	29
Optician	2
Weight or Measure Mkr.	0
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	0
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	0
Others	0
(9) In Arms	1
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	1
Others	0
(10) In Machines	363
Eng. and Mach. Maker	179
Spindle-maker	1
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	2
File-maker	4
Saw Smith, Maker	1
Cutler	1
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	175
(11) In Carriages	17
Coachmaker	17
Others	0
(12) In Harness	22
Saddler, Harness-maker	22
Whip-maker	0
(13) In Ships	9
Shipbldr., Shipwright	5
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	3
Sailmaker	1
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	2,358
House Proprietor	31
House Agent	15
Architect	10
Surveyor	0
Builder	32
Carpenter, Joiner	626
Bricklayer	148
Marble Mason	10
Mason, Pavior	966
Slater, Tiler	82
Plasterer	165
Paperhanger	1
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	272
Others	0
(15) In Furniture	131
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	77
Undertaker	1
Chair-maker	25
Picture-frame Maker	1
Carver, Gilder	6
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	0
Furniture Broker	19
Others	2
(16) In Implements	165
Wheelwright	89
Millwright	75
Other Implement Mkrs.	1
(17) In Chemicals	181
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	140
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	21
Dyer, Calenderer	10
Others	10
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	14,906
(1) In Wool and Worsted	28
Woolstapler	1
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	4
Clothier	7
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	14
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	0
Others	2
(2) In Silk	71
Silk manufacture	62
Silk Dyer, Printer	3
Silk Mercer	0
Ribbon manufacture	1
Others	5
(3) In Cotton and Flax	13,342
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	1
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	0
Cotton manufacture	12,647
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	5
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	586
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	94
Others	9
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	261
Packer and Presser	7
Weaver (undefined)	2
Manchester Warehmn.	1
Draper, Mercer	251
Others	0
(5) In Dress	1,157
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	49
Hatter, Hat manuf.	19
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	0
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	0
Tailor	451
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	2
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	0
Hosier, Haberdasher	7
Glover, Leather, &c.	0
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	478
Patten, Clog,--Maker	138
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	8
Others providing Dress	5
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	47
Mat Maker, Seller	0
Rope, Cord,--Maker	47
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	0
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,192
(1) In Animal Food	306
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	3
Cheesemonger	8
Butcher, Meat Salesman	197
Provision Curer, Dealer	25
Poulterer, Game Dealer	3
Fishmonger	70
Others	0
(2) In Vegetable Food	186
Corn Merchant, Dealer	6
Miller	47
Flour Dealer, Agent	1
Baker	47
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	28
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	46
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	0
Potato Merchant	9
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	1
Sugar Refiner	1
Others	0
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	700
Maltster	3
Brewer, &c.	56
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	13
Distiller, Rectifier	2
Cellarman	1
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	9
Grocer, Tea Dealer	603
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	4
Tobacconist	7
Others	2
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	117
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	31
Soap-boiler	7
Tallow-chandler	15
Comb-maker	1
Others	8
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	38
Fellmonger	4
Skinner	3
Tanner	3
Currier	27
Others	1
(3) In Hair	48
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	48
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	403
(1) In Gums and Resins	14
Oil Miller, Refiner	3
Oil and Colourman	2
French-polisher	7
Japanner	0
Others	2
(2) In Wood	151
Timber Merch., Dealer	4
Wood Dealer	1
Sawyer	94
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	3
Turner	21
Box-maker	2
Cooper	24
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	2
(3) In Bark	5
Cork Cutter, manuf.	5
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	25
Basket-maker	15
Hay and Straw Dealer	10
Thatcher	0
Others	0
(5) In Paper	208
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	23
Paper manufacture	96
Stationer (not Law)	7
Paper-stainer	77
Others Workers in Paper	5
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	3,029
(1) In Mining	936
Coal-miner	924
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	0
Others	12
(2) In Coal	186
Coal Merchant, Dealer	76
Coalheaver, Labourer	35
Coke Burner, Dealer	5
Chimney Sweeper	12
Gas Works Service	58
Other Workers in Coal	0
(3) In Stone, Clay	611
Stone Quarrier	359
Stone Cutter, Polisher	10
Slate Quarrier	7
Limestone Quar., Burner	1
Clay Labourer	1
Brick Maker, Dealer	120
Railway Labourer	28
Platelayer	14
Excavator, Navvy	28
Road Contractor, &c.	1
Road Labourer	21
Scavenger	13
Dust Collector	0
Others	8
(4) In Earthenware	75
Earthenware manuf.	28
Tobacco-pipe Makers	15
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	31
Others	1
(5) In Glass	3
Glass manufacture	3
Other Workers in Glass	0
(6) In Salt	4
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	4
(7) In Water	11
Waterworks Service	8
Others	3
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	9
Goldsmith, Jeweller	4
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	5
(9) In Copper	3
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	3
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	74
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	24
Tinplate Worker	50
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	0
Zinc manufacture	0
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	8
Lead manufacture	0
Typefounder	0
Others	8
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	40
Brass Founder, manuf.	22
Brazier	3
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1
Gasfitter	9
Wire Maker, Drawer	1
Wire Worker, Weaver	3
Others	1
(14) In Iron and Steel	1,069
Iron manufacture	556
Whitesmith	25
Blacksmith	378
Nail manufacture	16
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	52
Ironmonger	26
Hardwareman, Dealer	0
Steel manufacture	1
Grinder (branch undef.)	1
Others	14
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	2,174
(1) General Labourers	1,961
Labourer	1,961
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	213
Mechanic	203
Shopman	1
Apprentice	0
Others of indef. occu.	9
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	46
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	46
Gentleman	34
Annuitant	12
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	43
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	43
Dependent on Relatives	1
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	0
Pauper, no stated occ.	17
Lunatic, no stated occ.	1
Others	24
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	0
Vagrant, Beggar	0
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	327
Visitor, no stated occ.	2
Others of no stated occupation or condition	325

Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.