Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show Middlesex RegC table	Holborn RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	12,684
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	179
(1) Officers of National Government	112
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	33
Post Office	68
Inland Revenue	2
Customs	8
Government Messengers, Workmen	0
Dockyard Artificers	1
Other Govt.	0
(2) Officers of Local Government	65
Magistrate	1
Police	37
Prison Officer	3
Union and Parish Officer	8
Officer of Local Board	0
Other Local Officers	16
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	2
E. India and Col. Service	2
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	53
(1) Army	43
Army Officer	7
Army Half-pay Officer	14
Soldier	6
Chelsea Pensioner	11
Militia	4
Others	1
(2) Navy	10
Navy Officer	1
Navy Half-pay Officer	3
Seaman, R.N.	5
Royal Marine	0
Greenwich Pensioner	1
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,154
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	55
Clergyman	27
Protestant Minister	7
Roman Catholic Priest	5
Other Relig. Teachers	9
Parish Clerk	3
Other Church Officers	4
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	500
Barrister	48
Solicitor	127
Law Student	18
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	9
Law Clerk	235
Law Stationer	63
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	138
Physician	7
Surgeon, Apothecary	51
Medical Student, Assist.	16
Dentist	4
Druggist	60
Others	0
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	44
Author, Editor, Writer	36
Ors. eng. in Literature	8
(5) Artists	110
Artist, Painter	44
Sculptor	3
Engraver	51
Photographic Artist	12
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	209
Musician	132
Music-master	26
Others	51
(7) Actors, Actresses	20
Actor	18
In Theatres, Exhibitions	2
(8) Teachers	59
Schoolmaster	28
Teacher of Languages	13
Profes. of Mathematics	5
Teacher (General)	9
Teacher of Dancing	1
Other Teachers	3
(9) Scientific Persons	19
Civil Engineer	12
Other Scientific Persons	7
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	16
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	10
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	10
(4) Scholars (so described)	6
Scholar (so described)	6
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	510
(1) In Board and Lodging	244
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	4
Publican	128
Beerseller	13
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	18
Coffee-house Keeper	41
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	30
Others--Boarding, &c.	10
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	266
Domst. Serv. (General)	78
Coachman	5
Groom	3
Gardener	1
Inn Servant	170
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	1
Others	8
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	752
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	565
Merchant	52
Banker	1
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	11
Stock Broker, &c.	12
Ship Broker, Agent	11
Broker	15
Agent, Factor	51
Coal, Colliery Agent	1
Iron Merchant, Agent	2
Salesman	10
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	23
Accountant	27
Commercial Clerk	299
Commercial Traveller	49
Other Mercantile Men	1
(2) Other General Dealers	187
Pawnbroker	12
Marine-store Dealer	11
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	122
Shopkeeper	9
Hawker, Pedlar	33
Other General Dealers	0
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,141
(1) Carriers on Railways	34
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	6
Railway Official	16
Railway Servant	12
Railway Police	0
Ors. eng. in	0
(2) Carriers on Roads	495
Toll Collector	0
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	19
Livery Staple Keeper	7
Coachman (not domstc.)	90
Cabman, Flyman	225
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	153
Others	1
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	4
Canal and River Service	0
Bargeman, Waterman	4
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	75
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	30
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	41
Wharfinger	0
Others	4
(5) Engaged in Storage	110
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	97
Others in Storage	13
(6) Messengers and Porters	423
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	419
Telegraph Service	4
Others in Messages	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	51
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	39
Land Proprietor	9
Farmer, Grazier	15
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	1
Farm Bailiff	1
Agricultural Labourer	6
Shepherd (out-door)	0
Farm Servant (in-door)	0
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	7
Others in Agriculture	0
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	0
Woodman	0
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	12
Gardener	10
Nurseryman	2
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	212
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	212
Horse Dealer	2
Horsebreaker	0
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	146
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	36
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	3
Drover	20
Pig Merchant, Dealer	0
Gamekeeper	0
Vermin Destroyer	0
Fisherman	0
Others about Animals	5
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	3,373
(1) In Books	690
Bookseller, Publisher	77
Bookbinder	160
Printer	415
Newspaper Agent	25
Others in Publications	13
(2) In Musical Instrument	52
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	47
Others	5
(3) In Prints and Pictures	124
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	70
Others	54
(4) In Carving and Figures	141
Wood-carver	14
Others	127
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	30
Toy Maker, Dealer	18
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	12
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	14
Pattern Designer	7
Others	7
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	171
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	82
Optician	31
Weight or Measure Mkr.	4
Others	54
(8) In Surgical Instruments	9
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	8
Others	1
(9) In Arms	15
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	10
Others	5
(10) In Machines	135
Eng. and Mach. Maker	90
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	5
File-maker	2
Saw Smith, Maker	2
Cutler	21
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	15
(11) In Carriages	134
Coachmaker	134
Others	0
(12) In Harness	38
Saddler, Harness-maker	35
Whip-maker	3
(13) In Ships	8
Shipbldr., Shipwright	5
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	1
Sailmaker	2
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	1,245
House Proprietor	12
House Agent	4
Architect	41
Surveyor	11
Builder	48
Carpenter, Joiner	359
Bricklayer	290
Marble Mason	5
Mason, Pavior	58
Slater, Tiler	3
Plasterer	54
Paperhanger	16
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	331
Others	13
(15) In Furniture	511
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	189
Undertaker	22
Chair-maker	9
Picture-frame Maker	94
Carver, Gilder	79
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	8
Furniture Broker	27
Others	83
(16) In Implements	30
Wheelwright	30
Millwright	0
Other Implement Mkrs.	0
(17) In Chemicals	26
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	5
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	1
Dyer, Calenderer	10
Others	10
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	1,550
(1) In Wool and Worsted	17
Woolstapler	0
Felt manufacture	1
Woollen Cloth manuf.	5
Clothier	2
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	1
Worsted manufacture	0
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	7
Others	1
(2) In Silk	10
Silk manufacture	2
Silk Dyer, Printer	1
Silk Mercer	6
Ribbon manufacture	1
Others	0
(3) In Cotton and Flax	14
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	2
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	7
Cotton manufacture	2
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	1
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	2
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	180
Packer and Presser	10
Weaver (undefined)	3
Manchester Warehmn.	2
Draper, Mercer	156
Others	9
(5) In Dress	1,319
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	73
Hatter, Hat manuf.	28
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	2
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	59
Tailor	512
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	36
Button-maker	5
Hose manufacture	0
Hosier, Haberdasher	14
Glover, Leather, &c.	6
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	543
Patten, Clog,--Maker	6
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	11
Others providing Dress	24
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	10
Mat Maker, Seller	2
Rope, Cord,--Maker	0
Canvas Maker, Dealer	1
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	7
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,013
(1) In Animal Food	377
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	54
Cheesemonger	44
Butcher, Meat Salesman	190
Provision Curer, Dealer	21
Poulterer, Game Dealer	10
Fishmonger	56
Others	2
(2) In Vegetable Food	322
Corn Merchant, Dealer	20
Miller	9
Flour Dealer, Agent	2
Baker	156
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	46
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	71
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	8
Potato Merchant	5
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	2
Sugar Refiner	0
Others	3
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	314
Maltster	0
Brewer, &c.	78
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	21
Distiller, Rectifier	9
Cellarman	12
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	6
Grocer, Tea Dealer	109
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	29
Tobacconist	38
Others	12
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	231
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	55
Soap-boiler	4
Tallow-chandler	14
Comb-maker	5
Others	32
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	118
Fellmonger	1
Skinner	18
Tanner	0
Currier	34
Others	65
(3) In Hair	58
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	11
Brush, Broom,--Maker	45
Others	2
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	416
(1) In Gums and Resins	130
Oil Miller, Refiner	1
Oil and Colourman	33
French-polisher	79
Japanner	8
Others	9
(2) In Wood	135
Timber Merch., Dealer	8
Wood Dealer	7
Sawyer	26
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	5
Turner	17
Box-maker	6
Cooper	32
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	34
(3) In Bark	9
Cork Cutter, manuf.	9
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	24
Basket-maker	24
Hay and Straw Dealer	0
Thatcher	0
Others	0
(5) In Paper	118
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	7
Paper manufacture	8
Stationer (not Law)	51
Paper-stainer	21
Others Workers in Paper	31
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	962
(1) In Mining	2
Coal-miner	0
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	0
Others	2
(2) In Coal	79
Coal Merchant, Dealer	21
Coalheaver, Labourer	14
Coke Burner, Dealer	0
Chimney Sweeper	11
Gas Works Service	31
Other Workers in Coal	2
(3) In Stone, Clay	17
Stone Quarrier	0
Stone Cutter, Polisher	2
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	0
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	0
Railway Labourer	2
Platelayer	0
Excavator, Navvy	2
Road Contractor, &c.	0
Road Labourer	0
Scavenger	5
Dust Collector	0
Others	6
(4) In Earthenware	34
Earthenware manuf.	4
Tobacco-pipe Makers	17
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	13
Others	0
(5) In Glass	68
Glass manufacture	64
Other Workers in Glass	4
(6) In Salt	0
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	0
(7) In Water	3
Waterworks Service	3
Others	0
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	168
Goldsmith, Jeweller	134
Plater, Plated Wareman	4
Others	30
(9) In Copper	15
Copper manufacture	1
Coppersmith	14
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	83
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	17
Tinplate Worker	41
Others	25
(11) In Zinc	4
Zinc manufacture	4
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	35
Lead manufacture	1
Typefounder	30
Others	4
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	214
Brass Founder, manuf.	109
Brazier	4
Locksmith, Bellhanger	13
Gasfitter	42
Wire Maker, Drawer	4
Wire Worker, Weaver	23
Others	19
(14) In Iron and Steel	240
Iron manufacture	34
Whitesmith	30
Blacksmith	128
Nail manufacture	0
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	1
Ironmonger	30
Hardwareman, Dealer	2
Steel manufacture	5
Grinder (branch undef.)	2
Others	8
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	747
(1) General Labourers	664
Labourer	664
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	83
Mechanic	12
Shopman	13
Apprentice	0
Others of indef. occu.	58
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	66
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	66
Gentleman	41
Annuitant	25
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	7
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	7
Dependent on Relatives	0
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	0
Pauper, no stated occ.	3
Lunatic, no stated occ.	0
Others	4
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	0
Vagrant, Beggar	0
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	251
Visitor, no stated occ.	3
Others of no stated occupation or condition	248

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.