Population of the Counties of Scotland

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Population of the Counties of Scotland.

Aberdeen.— The population of this county in 1801 amounted to 121,065, and each successive Census has shown an increase. In 1901 the population amounted to 304,439. This Census shows that the population is now 311,350, showing a decennial increase of 6911, or 2.3 per cent., a smaller rate of decennial increase than found by all previous Censuses.

Though the county as a whole shows an increase of population, the majority of its parishes do not do so. Of the 83 parishes in the county, 20 only show an increase of population, while 63 show a decrease; the largest increases being those in the parishes of Aberdeen, Fraserburgh, Inverurie, Newhills, New Machar, Peterculter, and Peterhead, which vary from 7540 in Aberdeen to 489 in New Machar; while the largest decreases are in the parishes of Cruden, Ellon, Monquhitter, New Deer, Old Deer, and St. Fergus. The largest decennial rates of increase among the parishes of this county are found in New Machar, 35.1 per cent., where a large lunatic asylum has recently been established; Inverurie, 26.8 per cent.; Fraserburgh, 14.8 per cent.; and Peterculter, 13.7 per cent. The largest rates of decrease are found in Towie, 22.6; Kildrummy, 20.7; St. Fergus, 18.8; Glenbuchat, 15.6; Leslie, 14.9; and Rhynie, 14.2.

There are eleven burghs situated within the county. The City of Aberdeen, the largest of them, the fourth largest burgh in Scotland, is found to have increased during the decade from 153,503 to 163,084, or 6.2 per cent. In the previous decade Aberdeen had increased by 28,560, or 22.9 per cent. The other burghs in this county that show a considerable rise of population are Inverurie, an increase from 3058 to 3960, or 29.5 per cent.; Peterhead, an increase from 11,794 to 13,613, or 15.4 per cent.; Fraserburgh, from 9109 to 10,574, or 16.1 per cent; and Rosehearty, from 1185 to 1308, or 10.4 per cent. Huntly, Kintore, and Turriff each show a small rise, while Ballater, Old Meldrum, and Ellon each show a fall. The last-named has gone down from 3527 to 1307, or 14.4 per cent.

Argyll.— This county in 1801 had a population of 81,277. The second, third, and fourth Censuses each showed an increase of population, and in 1831 the population amounted to 100,973. But subsequent to that date Argyllshire has been continuously decreasing, and is now found to have a population of only 70,901, which is 2741, or 3.7 per cent., less than in 1901, 30,072, or 29.8 per cent., less than in 1831, and 10,376, or 12.8 per cent., less than in 1801. But even these figures do not show the true extent of the loss of population, for the crews of a flotilla of torpedo-boat destroyers were enumerated in the parish of Kilfinan, and the crews of two of His Majesty's ships were enumerated at Oban. The combined population of this Naval shipping amounted to 1840, and, taking that number from the Census population of this year, it is found that the population of Argyll proper has decreased by 4581, or 6.2 per cent., since the 1901 Census, by 31,912, or 31.6 per cent., since 1831, and by 12,216, or 15.0 per cent., since 1801.

In the decade now under review, 1901 to 1911, of the 39 parishes in the county, nine only show some increase of population, and 30 a decrease. The largest increases are in Kilmore and Kilbride and in Kilfinan, but both of these are accidental rather than real, for both are due to the enumeration of Naval population who were there on Census day. Increases of over 100 occur in Lismore and Appin, Lochgoilhead and Kilmorich, and in Ardchattan and Muckairn. There are decreases of 738, or 7.2 per cent., in Campbeltown; 671, or 17.8 per cent., in Glassary; 412, or 21.1 per cent., in Ardnamurchan; and 370, or 16.9 per cent., in Tyree. The combined population of the mainland parishes of the county has fallen from 58,124 in 1901 to 57,057, a fall of 1.8 per cent.; the combined population, of the insular parishes has risen from 15,518 in 1901 to 13,844, a fall of 10.8 per cent. If the population of the Naval shipping referred to above be excluded from the mainland population, then that portion of the county population is found to have decreased by 2907, or 5.0 per cent.

The county contains six burghs. Of these, two show a decennial increase of population, and four a decrease. The two burghs showing an increase are Oban, where it amounts to 1140, or 21.0 per cent., and Dunoon, where it amounts to 80, or 1.2 per cent. But the apparent increase of 1140 in Oban is largely accidental, for of it 1010 is due to the fact that two warships were enumerated in Oban Bay, and thus the increase of the population of Oban proper is only 130, or 2.4 per cent. The remaining four burghs of the county all show a decrease—Campbeltown one of 660, or 8 per cent.; Lochgilphead, 392, or 29.9 per cent.; Tobermory one of 178, or 15.1 per cent.; and Inveraray one of 145, or 21.4 per cent, Inveraray is now the fourth smallest burgh in Scotland.

Ayr.— The growth of population in this county is a great contrast to the decrease of population found in Argyll. In 1801 it, like Argyll, had a population of a little over 80,000; but, unlike Argyll, that population has at each Census been found to have increased. In 1811 it exceeded 100,000, in 1871 it exceeded 200,000, in 1901 it was 254,468, and by this Census is found to be 268,332, which is 13,864, or 5.4 per cent., more than in 1901, and is more than three times as large as it was at the beginning of last century.

In the county there are 44 parishes, and, of these, 28 are found to have a decennial increase of population, and 16 a decrease. The largest increases are in the parishes of Ayr, 4691, or 14.9 per cent.; Dundonald, 2639, or 23.5 per cent.; Monkton and Prestwick, 1791, or 46.5 per cent.; and Stevenston, 1236, or 13.0 per cent. The largest decreases are found to be in Maybole, 985, or 12.5 per cent.; Beith, 824, or 11.0 per cent.; Muirkirk, 688, or 12.1 per cent.; and Riccarton, 490, or 6.1 per cent.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 141,721, which is 10,823, or 8.3 per cent, more than at the time of the previous Census. The extra-burghal population amounts to 126,611, and is 3041, or 2.5 per cent., more than in 1901. The county contains 16 burghs, and, of these, 13 show an increase of population, and three a decrease. The largest increases are found to be in Ayr, 4288, or 14.9 per cent.; Troon, 1864, or 39.1 per cent.; and Prestwick, 1668, or 51.9 per cent. The three burghs with a diminished population are Maybole, where the population has fallen by 1003, or 17 per cent.; Ardrossan, where the diminution is 317, or 5.2 per cent.; and Stewarton, where the diminution is 78, or 2.7 per cent.

Banff.— In 1801 this county had a population of 37,216, and each successive Census up to 1891 showed a decennial increase, the population at the latter date amounting to 64,190. The 1901 Census showed a decrease of 2702, or 4.2 per cent., 2506 of that decrease being accounted for by the changes made on the area of the county by the Boundary Commission. This Census shows that during the last; ten years the population has remained practically stationary, the population now being 61,402, or 0.1 per cent, less than in 1901.

The county has twenty-two parishes, and of these seven are found to have increased their population during the decade, while fifteen are found to have diminished theirs. The largest increase is found in Rathven, the parish which contains the two burghs Cullen and Buckie, the increase being 1931, or 13.7 per cent. The largest decreases are found to be 469, or 6.9 per cent., in Keith parish; 405, or 11.8 per cent., in Mortlach; and 319, or 11.2 per cent., in Marnoch.

The total burghal population of this county amounts to 28,517, which is. 1166, or 4.3 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population of the county is 32,885, making a decrease of 3.7 per cent, during the decade. Of the nine burghs in this county five show an increase of population, and four a decrease. The only large increase is that of Buckie, which amounts to 1414, or 18.9 per cent. This burgh had its boundaries extended in 1902, but the comparison now made is between the population found at this Census and the 1901 population, inside the area included in the extended boundaries. The largest decreases among these burghs are found to be in Keith, where it is 254, or 5.3 per cent.; and in Dufftown, where it is 197, or 10.8 per cent.

Berwick.— The population of Berwick at each of the five last Censuses has been found to be a diminishing one. In 1801 the population was 30,206. It steadily increased to 36,613 in 1861, but by 1891 it had decreased to 32,406, in 1901 to 30,824, and by this Census is found to be only 29,643, which is 1181, or 3.8 per cent, less than in 1901, and 563, or 1.9 per cent., less than in 1801.

There are thirty-two parishes in the county, and of them seven show some decennial increase, while twenty-five show a decennial decrease. The largest increases of the population of this Census as compared with those of 1901 are found in Eyemouth, 74, or 3.0 per cent.; and Earlston, 72, or 4.3 per cent. The largest decreases are found in Duns, 157. or 4.9 per cent.; and Lauder, 125, or 8.6 per cent.

The total burghal population of the county is found to amount to 6556, which is 245, or 3.6 per cent, less than in 1901; while the extra-burghal population of the county is found to be 23,087, which is 936, or 3.9 per cent, less than at the last Census. There are four burghs in the county. One of them, Eyemouth, shows an increase of 64, or 27 per cent., while three of them, Coldstream, Duns, and Lauder, each show a decrease, that of Duns being the largest, and amounting to 137, or 6.2 per cent.

Bute.— The county of Bute has a population of 18,186, which is 601, or 3.2 per cent., less than in 1901. In 1801 it had a population of 11,791. There was an increase at every Census up to and including that of 1901, excepting that of 1861, when there was a decline of 1.7 per cent. The largest rates of increase were in 1821, when it was 14.7 per cent., and in 1841, when it was 11.2 per cent.

The county has six parishes, and all of them are found to show a decrease of population. The amount of the decrease varies from 162, or 9.3 per cent, in North Bute; and 142, or 6.1 per cent., in Kilmory; to 62, or 3.5 per cent., in Cumbrae; and 67, or 27 percent, in Kilbride. In the parish of Rothesay the loss of population amounted to only 79, or 0.8 per cent.

There are two burghs in the county, Rothesay and Millport. They are both found to have lost population during the decade, Rothesay having lost 79, or 0.8 per cent., and Millport 56, or 3.4 per cent.

Caithness.— The changes of population in Caithness generally resemble those already described in Berwick, for all Censuses up to and including 1861 showed an increase of population, while all Censuses subsequent to that date show a decrease. The population in 1801 was 22,609, in 1861 it was 41,111, in 1901 it had receded to 33,870, and this year is found to have further fallen to 32,008, which is a decennial loss amounting to 1862, or 5.5 per cent.

Of the ten parishes in this county, all show a decrease of population, with the exception of the parish of Wick, where there is an increase of 337, or 2.8 per cent. The largest decreases found are in Latheron, 709, or 13.6 per cent.; Thurso, 697, or 12.9 per cent.; and Halkirk, 197, or 8.4 per cent.

There are only two burghs in this county; the one, Wick, shows an increase of 887, or 10.8 per cent.; the other, Thurso, a decrease of 388, or 10.4 per cent. At the time of the previous Census, Pulteneytown was a separate burgh from Wick, but in 1902 the two burghs were incorporated in an extended burgh of Wick, and in the above comparison the population inside the extended Wick boundary is included. The total burghal population of the county is found to be 12,421, which is 499, or 4.2 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population of the county is found to be 19,587, or 2361, or 10.8 per cent., less than at that time.

Clackmannan.— The county of Clackmannan is, by this Census, found to have a population of 31,121, which is 908, or 2.8 per cent, less than in 1901. This is the second Census in which there has been a fall in the population of this county, the other being that of 1861. In 1801 its population was 10,858, and, excepting during the decennial period 1851-1861, it steadily increased till it reached a maximum of 32,029 in 1901.

There are five parishes in the county. Of them, one only shows an increase of population during the last inter-censal period, it being the parish of Alloa, which increased by 272, or 1.6 per cent. The other four parishes all show a decrease, the two largest being in Alva, 376, or 6.7 per cent, and in Tillicoultry, 338, or 6.8 per cent.

The total burghal population of this county amounts to 20,827, and is 309, or 1.5 per cent, less than in 1901. The extra-burghal population amounts to 10,294, and is 599, or 5.5 per cent, less than in 1901. Of the four burghs situated in the county, one only, Alloa, shows an increase, while the three others all show a decrease. The increase in Alloa amounts to 338, or 2.9 per cent; the decrease in Alva is 292, or 6.3 per cent; and that in Tillicoultry is 233, or 7.0 per cent.

Dumbartonshire.— Dumbartonshire is now found to have a population amounting to 139,831, which is 25,966, or 22.8 per cent, more than in 1901. The decennial rate of increase in this county is the largest found in any county by this Census, the next largest being that of Fife. The growth of population in this county resembles that in Ayr, and is a great contrast to the loss of population already noted in the neighbouring county of Argyll. In 1801 Dumbarton had only 20,710 of a population, against Argyll's 81,277, or only about one-quarter of the latter. But the Dumbartonshire population has increased steadily, and in several decennial periods rapidly, and now the population of the county is very nearly double the present population of Argyll. The largest rate of increase observed in this county was that between 1831 and 1841, and was 33.4 per cent; the second largest was in the decade 1871-1881, or 28.0 per cent.; the third largest is that of the decade now specially under review, which amounts to 22.8 per cent.

The county contains twelve parishes. Of them six show an increase of population and six a decrease. The parishes of greatest increases are Old (or West) Kilpatrick, which has increased from 27,448 to 45,345, or 65.2 per cent.; New (or East) Kilpatrick, which has increased from 10,815 to 13,798, a rise of 27.6 per cent.; Kirkintilloch, which has increased from 14,401 to 16,530, or 14.8 per cent.; and Dumbarton, which has increased from 15,167 to 16,912, a rise of 11.5 per cent. The largest decreases are found to be in Roseneath parish, where it amounts to 140, or 7.3 per cent.; in Row, 76, or 0.7 per cent.; and in Arrochar, 68, or 11.2 per cent.

The total burghal population of Dumbarton amounts to 85,389, or 20,825 more than in 1901. This increase amounts to 32.3 per cent., and is the largest rate of increase of the aggregate burghal population found by this Census in any Scottish county. The extra-burghal population of the county amounts to 54,442, and is 5141, or 10.4 per cent., more than in 1901. Of the six burghs situated in this county, four show an increase of population, and two a decrease. Increases are found in Clydebank, where the population has increased by 16,649, or 79.7 per cent., and now is 37,547; Dumbarton, where the increase amounts to 2004, or 10.0 per cent.; Kirkintilloch, 1430, or 13.6 per cent.; and Milngavie, 847, or 23.0 per cent. The decreases are both small, one of 80 in Cove and Kilcreggan, and one of 25 in Helensburgh.

Dumfries.— Dumfriesshire had a population of 54,597 at the time of the first Census (1801), which increased, with a slight check in 1831-41, until the Census of 1851, when the population amounted to 78,123. Since then the population has tended downwards, there having been decreases noted in 1861, 1871, 1891, and 1901. This Census shows the population to be 72,824, which is practically the same as in 1901, the change amounting to an increase of 253 persons only, or 0.3 per cent.

The county contains 43 parishes. Of these, 12 show an increase of population, and 31 a decrease. The largest increases are found in the parishes of Dumfries, 931, or 5.1 per cent.; Kirkconnel, 896, or 71.8 percent.; and Sanquhar, 113, or 3.9 per cent. The largest decreases are found in Langholm, 198, or 5.7 per cent.; Annan, 181, or 2.6 per cent.; and Hoddom, 172, or 11.3 per cent. The large increase of population in the parish of Kirkconnel is due to the development of a new coal-pit.

The burghal population of the county has, during the decade, increased by 1.4 per cent., and now amounts to 30,309. The extra-burghal population of the comity is now 42,515, and is 0.4 per cent, less than in 1901. Of the seven burghs situated in this county, four show an increase of population and three a decrease. The burgh of Dumfries is found to have increased by 546, or 3.5 per cent., and that of Sanquhar. by 133, or 9.7 per cent. Langholm shows a decrease of 212, or 6.7 per cent.; Annan, 90, or 2.1 percent.; and Moffat, 74, or 3.4 per cent.

Edinburgh.— Edinburgh, or Midlothian, the second most populous county in Scotland, is found to have a population of 507,662. In 1801 the population was 122,597, and by each successive Census it has been found to be an increasing quantity. It exceeded 200,000 for the first time in 1831, 300,000 for the first time in 1871, 400,000 for the first time in 1891, and 500.000 for the first time in this Census. In 1801 the populations of the three counties, Aberdeen, Perth, and Edinburgh, were very nearly the same; but, of the three, Edinburgh has shown by far the largest growth, it having increased more than four times in amount. Aberdeen also shows a large rise of population, it having increased fully two-and-a-half times; while Perth, instead of showing an increase of population, shows a slight diminution. The population of the county of Edinburgh has increased since 1901 by 18,866, or 3.9 per cent.

The county of Edinburgh has 28 parishes. Of these, 18 show an increase of population and 10 a decrease. The largest increases of population are found in the following parishes:—Inveresk, 5710, or 39.0 per cent.; Leith, 3050, or 3.9 per cent.; Edinburgh, 2856, or 0.9 per cent.; Newbattle, 1504, or 33.0 per cent.; Lasswade, 1308, or 14.2 per cent.; Liberton, 1201, or 16.8 per cent.; Colinton, 1165, or 21.2 per cent; and Corstorphine, 1145, or 42.0 per cent.

The burghal portion of this county has a population amounting to 433,815, which is 10,645, or 2.5 per cent., more than in 1901, and amounts to 85.5 per cent, of the total population of the county. The extra-burghal population of the county amounts to 73,847, which is 8221, or 12.5 per cent., more than in 1901. Of the individual burghs, the City of Edinburgh is found to have increased in population by 2856, or 0.9 percent, during the decade. Leith, which in 1901 had a population of 77,439, is found to have increased to a greater extent than Edinburgh, the increase amounting to 3050, or 3.9 per cent., bringing the population now up to 80,489. But the increase in the population of that burgh is exceeded by that found in Musselburgh, the population of which now amounts to 15,938, and is 4070, or 34.3 per cent., more than in 1901. Burghs in this county showing smaller increases are Loanhead, 472, or 15.7 per cent.; and Dalkeith, 222, or 3.3 per cent. Bonnyrigg and Lasswade show little change. Penicuik shows a small decrease of population, 67, or 2.4 per cent. It is worthy of note that the population of the parishes which surround the City of Edinburgh have an aggregate increase of population exceeding that of Edinburgh itself. These parishes—Cramond, Corstorphine, Colinton, Liberton, Inveresk, and Leith—together show a rise from 110,199 to 123,507, an increase of 13,308, or 12.1 per cent., while the City of Edinburgh has only increased by 2856, or 0.9 per cent. The change of population in these parishes is shown in the following table:—

TABLE showing the Increase in Population in Parishes contiguous
to the City of Edinburgh.

CIVIL PARISH. 1901. 1911. Increase.
Colinton 5,499 6,664 1,165
Corstorphine 2,725 3,870 1,145
Cramond 2,727 3,764 1,037
Inveresk 14,650 20,360 5,710
Leith 77,439 80,489 3,050
Liberton 7,159 8,360 1,201
Totals 110,199 123,507 13,308

Elgin.— In 1801 the county of Elgin had a population of 27,760. This was found to have increased in each successive Census up to 1881, when it amounted to 43,788. The 1891 Census showed a small loss of population, one of 335; but this was more than made up in the next decade, for the county population in 1901 had increased by 1347, and amounted to 44,800. This Census shows a considerable drop, one of 1373, the population being 43,427, which is less than the censal populations of the county in 1871, 1881 1891, and 1901. The decennial rate of decrease amounts to 3.1 per cent.

The county contains 19 parishes. Of them, 15 show a decrease and four an increase. The largest of the increases is that of the parish of Drainie, which is 320, or 7.3 per cent. The largest decreases of population are found to be in Rothes, 345, or 14.6 per cent.; Cromdale, 342, or 10.6 per cent.; Forces, 309, or 5.9 per cent.; and Knockando, 268, or 15.3 per cent.

The burghal population of this county amounts to 21,680, and is 0.4 per cent, less than in 1901. The extra-burghal population amounts to 21,747, and is 1,295, or 5.6 per cent., less than at the time of the last Census. Of the six burghs situated in this county two show an increase of population, the increase in Elgin being 249, or 3.0 per cent., and in Lossiemouth 303, or 7.8 per cent., while the population of Burghead is exactly the same as at the previous Census, and the populations of Forres, Grantown-on-Spey, and Rothes all show a decrease. In Rothes the loss amounts to 271, or 16.7 per cent.; in Forres to 242, or 5.2 per cent.; and in Grantown-on-Spey to 117, or 7.5 per cent.

Fife —This county shows the second largest increase of population—amounting to 48,894, or 22.3 per cent. The 1901 Census showed the population to be 218,840; it now amounts to 267,734. The population of Fife has at all Censuses shown an increase. In 1801 it amounted to 93,743.; in 1851 it exceeded 150,000; in 1891 it exceeded 200,000; and now, as above stated, it exceeds a quarter-million. The rate of increase found at this Census is larger than that found at any previous Census, the second largest being that of 1901, which amounted to 16.8 per cent.

There are 60 parishes in the county. Of these, 40 show a decennial increase of population, and 19 a decrease. The largest increases are noted in Auchterderran, 8922, or 103.4 percent; Beath 8539, or 54.0 per cent.; Wemyss, 8073, or 53.7 per cent.; Kirkcaldy and Dysart, 6370, or 16.3 per cent.; Ballingry, 5058, or 121.7 per cent.; Dunfermline, 4034, or 12.7 per cent; Inverkeithing, 2806, or 80.9 per cent.; and Markinch, 1255, or 18.4 per cent. The only decrease in any parish in this county which exceeds 100 is in Burntisland, where the loss of population amounts to 295, or 5.3 per cent.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 163,329, and is 27,242, or 20.0 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population amounts to 104,405, and is 21,652, or 26.1 per cent., more than in 1901. The county contains 28 burghs. Of them 20 show an increase of population, and 8 a decrease. The largest increases are noted in the combined burgh of Buckhaven, Methil, and Innerleven. where it amounts to 6528, or 75.7 per cent.; Cowdenbeath, 5700, or 68.4 per cent.; Kirkcaldy, 5521, or 16.2 per cent.; Lochgelly, 3604, or 65.9 per cent.; Dunfermline, 285, or 11.3 per cent.; and Inverkeithing, 1326, or 67.5 per cent. The largest losses of population among the Fife burghs are found to be in Newport, 213, or 5.5 per cent.; Burntisland. 139. Or 2.9 per cent; and Cupar, 131, or 2.9 per cent.

Forfar.— This is the first Census in which the population of Forfar has shown a decrease, it having fallen from 284,082 in 1901 to 281,419, a decrease of 2663, or 0.9 per cent. In all previous Censuses Forfar has been found to show an increase of population, the increase on two occasions amounting to over 30,000, and on three occasions to between 20,000 and 30,000.

There are 53 parishes in this county. Of these, 17 show an increase of population, but 36 show a decrease. The largest increases are found in Monifieth, 1474, or 12.6 per cent; Mains and Strathmartine, 1251, or 22.8 per cent,; and Dundee Combination Parish, 879, or 0.5 per cent. The largest decreases are found in Arbroath and St. Vigeans, 1946, or 7.9 per cent; Montrose, 1359, or 9.7 per cent.; Forfar, 625, or 4.9 per cent.; Brechin, 608, or 5.8 per cent.; and Kirriemuir,. 511, or 87 per cent. The decrease of 1946 persons found in the parish of Arbroath and St. Vigeans is the largest in- point of number found by the present Census in any parish in Scotland.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 239,206, and is 857, or 0.4 per cent., less than in 1901. The extra-burghal population is found to be 42,213, which is 1806, or 4.1 per cent, less than in 1901. Of the nine burghs situated in the county, four show an increase of population and five a decrease. The burghs showing an increase of population are the City of Dundee, which has risen from 162,982 to 165,006, an increase of 2024, or 1.2 per cent.; Monifieth, where the increase is 964, or 45.2 per cent.; Broughty Ferry, 575, or 5.5 per cent.; and Carnoustie, 154, or 3.0 percent The burghs snowing a decrease of population are Arbroath, where the loss of population amounts to 1750, or 7.8 per cent; Montrose, 1454, or 117 per cent.; Forfar, 548, or 4.8 per cent.; Brechin, 502, or 5.6 per cent; and Kirriemuir, 320, or 7.8 per cent.

Haddington.— The county of Haddington, or East Lothian, is one of the counties which show a relatively high rate of inter-censal increase. In 1901 the county population amounted to 38,665; it now amounts to 43,253, which is 4588, or 11.9 per cent., greater. This county in 1801 had a population of 29,986, and since then each successive Census has shown an increase, small in most instances, but very considerable in the decades 1811 to 1821, and 1901 to 1911, the former amounting to 13.1 per cent, and the latter to 11.9 per cent.

Of the 24 parishes in the county, 11 show an increase and 13 a decrease. The largest increases are noted in Tranent, 2560, or 41.9 per cent.; Prestonpans, 1340, or 39.6 percent.; Ormiston, 408, or 34.3 per cent.; and North Berwick, 320, or 8.8 per cent. The largest decreases were those in Dunbar, 201, or 4.0 per cent.; Garvald, 117, or 18.6 per cent.; and Innerwick, 106, or 13.6 per cent.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 20,302, and is 2740, or 16.2 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population amounts to 22,951, and is 1848, or 8.8 per cent., more than in 1901. Of the seven burghs in this county five show an increase of population and two a decrease, the largest increases being in Tranent, 1603, or 58.0 per cent; in Cockenzie and Port Seton, 713, or 42.3 per cent.; and in North Berwick, 345, or 11.9 per cent. The burghs showing a decrease of population are Dunbar, 235, or 6.6 per cent, and East Linton, 35, or 3.8 per cent.

Inverness.— In 1801 Inverness had a population of 72,672. The second, third, fourth, and fifth Censuses, i.e., the Censuses up to 1841, all showed an increase of population, but since that date five Censuses have shown a decrease of population, while two only have shown any increase. The population is now 87,270, which is 2834, or 3.1 per cent., less than in 1901. The maximum population of the county was that of 1841; it amounted to 97,799.

The county has thirty-two entire parishes, and a portion of a thirty-third, the parish. of Croy and Dalcross being partly in this county and partly in Nairn. Of the thirty-three parishes, twenty-one are mainland and twelve insular. The mainland population amounts to 56,429, and is 1338, or 2.3 per cent., less than in 1901. Of the mainland parishes, seven show an increase and fourteen a decrease; the largest increases being in Ardersier, 319, or 20.0 per cent.; Kingussie and Insh, 270, or 12.3 per cent.; and Glenelg, 167, or 11.1 per cent. The largest decreases are found in the parishes of Inverness 1094, or 4.0 per cent.; Kilmonivaig, 352, or 17.2 per cent.; and Urqehart and Glenmoriston, 153, or 8.4 per cent. Of the twelve insular parishes, three show an increase of population, viz.:—Harris, 177, or 3.4 per cent.; Barra, 75, or 2.9 percent.; and Snizort, 44, or 2.6 per cent.; while nine show a decrease, the largest decreases being in Portree, 351, or 12.6 per cent.; Sleat, 292, or 17.5 per cent.; Duirinish, 274, or 81 per cent.; and North Uist, 214, or 5.5 per cent. The aggregate population of the insular parishes is 30,841, and is 1496, or 4.6 per cent., less than in 1901.

The county contains three burghs with a combined population of 25,389. Of them, one only, Kingussie, shows an increase as compared with the 1901 population, the increase being 182, or 18.4 per cent.; while two show a decrease, Inverness having decreased by 859, or 3.7 per cent., and Fort-William by 85, or 41 per cent.

Kincardine.— The population of this county is now 41,007, and is 84, or 0.2 per cent., more than what it was in 1901. This county in 1801 had a population of 26,349, and all Censuses, with the exception of those of 1861 and 1881, have shown an increase of population, the greatest increase being found in the decade 1891-1901.

The county contains nineteen entire parishes and a portion of a divided parish. Of the twenty, three show some increase of population, the principal increase being in the portion of Aberdeen parish which is situated within the county, amounting to 2041, or 21.7 per cent.; while seventeen show a decrease, the largest decreases being in Fetteresso, 448, or 8.3 per cent.; Dunnottar, 278, or 11.0 per cent.; Banchory-Devenick, 226 or 13.1 per cent.; and Benholm, 150, or 10.5 per cent. If the portion of this county which lies within the burgh of Aberdeen be deducted, it is found that the remainder of the county has, during the decade, decreased by 1957, or 6.2 per cent.

This county contains four burghs in addition to the portion of Aberdeen, to which reference has been made in the last paragraph. Of these four burghs one only, Banchory, is found to show an increase of population, viz., 158, or 107 per cent., while the three remaining burghs, Stonehaven, Laurencekirk, and Inverbervie, each show a decrease of population—that of Stonehaven amounting to 311, or 6.8 per cent.

Kinross.— The population of this county is found to be 7528, and is 547, or 7.8 per cent., more than in 1901. In five previous Censuses an increase of population of this county has been observed, while in five a decrease has been found. The population in 1801 amounted to 6725. It rose steadily to 1831, when a maximum of 9072 was attained, but, since then, has tended downwards, reaching a minimum of 6280 in 1891.

The county contains five parishes. Of these, four show an increase of population and one only, Cleish, shows a decrease. The largest increases are found in Kinross, 439, or 16.5 per cent., and Orwell, 162, or 8.9 per cent. The loss of population in Cleish amounts to 85, or 13.5 per cent.

Kinross is the only burgh in this county; it has a population of 2618, which is 441, or 20.3 per cent., more than in 1901.

Kirkcudbright.— The population of Kirkcudbright is 38,363, and is 1020, or 2.6 per cent., less than in 1901. Its population in 1801 amounted to 29,211. This, by subsequent Censuses, was found to rise steadily until the year 1851, when it amounted to 43,121, but since then the numbers have steadily declined, falling below 40,000 in 1891, and below 39,000 in this year.

Of the twenty-eight parishes contained in the county, seven only show an increase of population, while twenty-one show a decrease. The only material increase is that in Troqueer, which amounts to 451, or 6.8 per cent. The largest decreases of population are found in Kirkmabreck, 310, or 16.7 per cent.; New Abbey, 215, or 22.5 per cent.; and Urr, 200, or 4.2 per cent.

The total burghal population of the county amounts to 16,148, and is 90, or 0.6 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population of the county amounts to 22,215, and is 1110, or 4.8 per cent., less than in 1901. The county contains six burghs, and of them, Maxwell town alone shows a material increase of population, one of 404, or 7.0 per cent., while Dalbeattie and Kirkcudbright each show a material decrease, the former amounting to 112, or 3.2 per cent., and the latter to 195, or 8.2 per cent. The changes of population observed in Castle-Douglas, in Gatehouse, and in New Galloway are small.

Lanark —The population of this county is found to he 1,447,113; it is 107,786, or 8.0 per cent, more than in 1901. Lanark is the most populous of the Scottish counties, the county of Edinburgh coming next to it with a population of 507,662. By each successive Census the population of Lanarkshire has been shown to be an increased quantity. In 1801 it amounted to 147,692; it exceeded 300,000 for the first time in 1831, 500,000 in 1851, and 1,000,000 in 1891. Its population now approaches a million and a half, and is nearly ten times as great as in 1801. Fully thirty per cent, of the entire population of Scotland now belongs to this county.

Although the population of Lanark has been found to be increased at each Census, the rate of increase has varied considerably. In the decade 1831 to 1841 it amounted to 34.8 per cent.; in the decades 1801 to 1811 and 1821 to 1831 it amounted to between 29 and 30 per cent.; in 1811 to 1821 and 1891 to 1901 it was between 26 and 28 per cent.; in 1841 to 1851 and 1861 to 1871 it was between 21 and 25 per cent.; in 1851 to 1861 and 1871 to 1881 it was between 18 and 20 per cent.; while the decennial rate of increase now found, being only 8.0 per cent., is by far the smallest of any decennium since 1801.

The county contains forty-one parishes. Of these, twenty-nine show an increase of population, while twelve show a decrease. The largest increases of population are found in Govan Combination parish, 21,274, or 6.2 per cent.; in Cathcart parish, 10,498, or 50.0 per cent.; in Dalziel, 10,244, or 27.5 per cent.; in Bothwell, 8986, or 19.6 per cent.; in Old Monkland, 7781, or 14.6 per cent.; and in Rutherglen, 7392, or 35.2 per cent. The largest decrease of population is found in Avondale parish, 740, or 12.8 per cent. In Crawford the decrease is 94, or 5.8 per cent.; in Wandell and Lamington, 91, or 25.1 per cent.; and in Crawfordjohn, 90, or 12.7 per cent.

Dividing the population of Lanarkshire into that of each of the three wards, it is found that the population of the Upper Ward now amounts to 50,204, and is 3334, or 7.1 per cent., more than in 1901; that of the Middle Ward to 374,633, and is 51,925, or 16.1 per cent., more than in 1901; and that of the Lower Ward to 1,022,276, and is 52,527, or 5.4 per cent., more than in 1901.

The total burghal population amounts to 1,144,625, and is 63,170, or 5.8 per cent., more than, in 1901. The extra-burghal portion of the county has a population of 302,488, and is 44,616, or 17.3 per cent, more than in 1901. There are eleven burghs situated within the county, including the City of Glasgow. It is found to have a population of 784,455, which is 8861, or 1.1 per cent, more than in 1901. The increase of this population is not great, and perhaps does not fairly represent the total increase of the community of Glasgow, for there has been a large and striking increase of population in the burghs and parishes which lie immediately round that city. The population of these parishes is shown in the following Table, and is found to have increased by 66,671, or 18.8 per cent., much of it being accounted for by the increase of burghal population in Govan, Partick, Kutherglen, and Paisley.

Table showing the increase in population in parishes contiguous to the City of Glasgow.
(The populations are given exclusive of any portions of the population of Glasgow which maybe within these parishes).

CIVIL PARISH. 1901. 1911. Increase.
Cadder 10,474 14,433 3,959
Cathcart 7,375 15,205 7,830
Eastwood 15,366 18,505 3,139
Glasgow 23,970 35,377 11,407
Govan Combination 138,128 158,204 20,076
New Kilpatrick 10,815 13,798 2,983
Paisley 99,899 109,767 9,868
Rutherglen 20,934 28,343 7,409
Total 326,961 393,632 66,671

All the remaining burghs in this county, with the exception of Biggar, which has declined by 40, or 2.9 per cent., show an increase of population. The largest increases are noted in Partick, 12,550, or 23.1 per cent.; Motherwell, 9234, or 29.6 per cent.; and Coatbridge, 6296, or 17.0 per cent. The increase of population in Hamilton amounts to 5869, or 17.9 per cent.; in Rutherglen to 5818, or 31.3 per cent.; in Wishaw to 4390, or 21.0 per cent.; and in Lanark to 541, or 10.1 per cent.

Linlithgow.— The population of Linlithgow is now found to be 79,456, and is 13,748, or 20.9 per cent., more than in 1901. The decennial rate of increase in this county is the third largest in Scotland, the two larger being Dumbarton and Fife. The population of this county in 1801 was 17,844. It has been found by every Census to be an increasing quantity. It amounted to over 30,000 in 1851, to over 40,000 in 1871, to over 50,000 in 1891, and is now very nearly 80,000. The largest decennial rates of increase in this county were those in 1851-61, when the rate was 28.2 per cent., and in 1891-1901, when it was 24.4 per cent.

The county contains ten entire parishes and a portion of Kirkliston, a parish which is partly situated in this county and partly in Edinburgh. Of the eleven, ten show an increase of population, and one only, the parish of Linlithgow, shows a decrease, amounting to 509, or 6.3 per cent. The largest increases are found to be in Bathgate, 3655, or 26.1 per cent.; Bo'ness and Carriden, 2561, or 22.3 per cent.; Uphall, 2232, or 21.2 per cent.; Whitburn, 1543, or 22.6 per cent.; and that portion of Kirkliston parish which is in the county, 1298, or 41.0 per cent.

The total burghal population of the county amounts to 32,520, and is 4936, or 17.9 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population of the county is 46,936, and is 8812, or 23.1 per cent, more than in 1901. Of the six burghs in the county five show an increase and one a decrease. The increases are found in Bo'ness, 1560, or 16.8 per cent.; Bathgate, 1440, or 21.2 per cent.; Queensferry, 962, or 52.0 per cent.; Armadale, 818, or 20.9 per cent.; and Whitburn, 433, or 30.0 per cent. The burgh which shows a decrease is Linlithgow, its population having fallen from 4279 to 4002, or 6.5 per cent.

Nairn.— The population of Nairn in the year 1801 amounted to 8332. This was found to be increased by each successive Census, that of 1841 excepted, up to 1881, when the population amounted to 10,455. But from then till 1901 it decreased, falling to 10,019 in 1891, and to 9291 in 1901. This Census shows a slight recovery, for the population is now found to be 9319, which is 28, or 0.3 per cent., more than at the last Census.

The county contains four entire parishes and a portion of a fifth, the parish of Croy and Dalcross being situated partly in this county and partly in Inverness-shire. Of the five parishes, four show a decrease of population, while one, the parish of Nairn, shows an increase, amounting to 174, or 3.0 per cent. The largest decreases are found in Cawdor, 78, or 8.4 per cent., and Auldearn, 44, or 3.4 per cent.

Nairn is the only burgh in the county. Its population is found to be 4661, which is 174, or 3.9 per cent., more than in 1901.

Orkney.— The population of Orkney is now 25,896, and is 2803, or 9.8 per cent., less than in 1901. By the 1801 Census the population was found to be 24,445, and by the 1811 Census 23,238. The succeeding Censuses up to 1861 all showed an increase, a maximum population of 32,395 being then ascertained. Since then, the decade 1871-81 excepted, a decreasing population has been found, and the population is now less than returned by all Censuses since that of 1821.

The county contains 21 parishes, and of them 19 show a loss of population, while only two show some increase. The increases are in Kirkwall and St. Ola, 73, or l.6 per cent., and in Stronsay, 33, or 2.8 per cent. The largest decreases are found to be in Stromness, 832, or 26.2 per cent.; in South Ronaldshay and Burray, 312, or 11.5 per cent.; in Westray, 289, or 14.8 per cent.; and in Birsay and Harray, 232, or 11.6 per cent. The loss of population in Stromness is largely explained by the comparative absence of shipping on this Census day, the shipping population in 1901 amounting to 708, but at this Census being only 59.

Of the two burghs situated within this county, the one, Stromness, shows a decrease of 794, or 32.4 per cent.; the other, Kirkwall, shows an increase of 99, or 2.7 per cent. The decrease of the Stromness population is, as above noted for Stromness parish, largely to be explained by there being less shipping at Stromness at the time of this Census than on the last occasion of 1901.

Peebles.— Peebles is a county in which the population has steadily increased since the date of the first Census. In 1801 the population was 8735; it exceeded 10,000 in 1821, 12,000 in 1871, 14,000 in 1891, and now is 15,258, which is 192, or 1.3 per cent., more than in 1901.

There are fourteen parishes in the county. Of them seven show an increase of population, and. seven a decrease. The largest increases are found to be in Innerleithen, 489, or 13.4 per cent.; and in Peebles, 302, or 5.2 per cent. The largest decreases are found to be in Tweedsmuir. 237, or 54.5 per cent.; Broughton, Glenholm, and Kilbucho, 194, or 22.5 per cent.; and West Linton, 110, or 9.9 per cent. The apparent fall of population noted in Tweedsmuir is due to the fact that the true 1901 population was augmented by the addition of a considerable number of navvies who were working at the new Edinburgh water supply works.

The county contains only two burghs, Innerleithen and Peebles, These both show an increase of population, that of Innerleithen amounting to 366, or 16.8 per cent., and that of Peebles to 288, or 5.5 per cent. The extra-burghal portion of the county has a population of 7157, which is 462, or 6.1 per cent., less than in 1901.

Perth.— Perth is one of the four counties in Scotland which now has a smaller population than in 1801, the date of the first Census, when it was 125,583. The second, third, and fourth Censuses showed the population of the county to be increasing, and in 1831 it reached a maximum of 142,166, but from 1831 to 1901 it has steadily decreased, the population at the latter date being only 123,283. This Census shows the population to amount to 124,339, a decennial increase of 1056, or 0.9 per cent.

The county contains 71 parishes. Of these, 39 show a decrease of population, 30 an increase, and 2 no change. The largest increases of parish population are found in the parishes of Perth, 876, or 2.9 per cent; Tibbermore, 851, or 43.8 per cent.; Dunblane and Lecropt, 779, or 20.4 per cent.; and Crieff, 383, or 6.7 per cent. The largest decreases of population are found in Comrie, 323, or 15.6 per cent.; Rattray, 302, or 12.3 per cent.; and Kilmadock, 277, or 10.2 per cent.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 60,210, and is 2238, or 3.9 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population is 64,129, and is 1182, or 1.8 per cent., less than at that date. There are 12 burghs in the county. Of them six show an increase of population and six a decrease. The largest increases are found in Perth, 1856, or 5.5 per cent.; Dunblane, 462, or 18.4 per cent.; and Crieff, 363, or 7.0 per cent. The largest decreases are found to be in Rattray, 289, or 14.3 percent.; Blairgowrie, 129, or 3.8 per cent.; and Alyth, 105, or 5.3 per cent.

Renfrew.— In this county the increase of population from 1801 to the present date has been continuous, the only check being found by the 1901 Census; it, however, was due, not to depopulation, but to alterations of the county boundary. The population in 1801 amounted to 78,501, in 1821 it exceeded 100,000, in 1871 it exceeded 200,000, and now is 314,574, which is 45,594, or 17.0 per cent., more than in 1901. The decennial rate of increase in this county has oil several occasions been large; in 1871 it was found to amount to 22.2 per cent., in 1881. to 21.4 per cent., in 1821 to 20.4 per cent., in 1831. to 19.0 per cent., and in 1811 to 18.7 per cent.

The county has 14 entire parishes and a portion of two others. Of the 16, 14 show an increase of population, and 2 a decrease. The parishes showing the largest increases of population are Renfrew, 12,292, or 81.2 per cent.; Paisley, 9905, or 9.9 per cent.; the Renfrewshire portion of Cathcart, 7830, or 106.2 percent.; Greenock, 6097, or 8.9 per cent.; and the Renfrewshire portion of Eastwood, 3139, or 20.4 per cent. The parishes showing a decrease of population are Mearns, 208, or 6.1 per cent.; and Lochwinnoch, 148, or 3.4 per cent. The entire parishes of Cathcart and Eastwood, i.e., including the portions of those parishes which are situated in Lanarkshire, both show a decided increase of population, that of Cathcart amounting to 18,328, or 64.6 per cent., and that of Eastwood to 5615, or 29.7 per cent.

The burghal portion of this county has a population of 233,712, and is 21,848, or 10.3 per cent, more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population of the county amounts to 80,862, and is 23,746, or 41.6 per cent, more than in 1901. All the eight burghs situated in the county are found to have increased their population, the largest increases being in Greenock, which has risen from 68,911 to 75,140, a rise of 6229, or 9.0 percent.; Paisley, where the population is now 84,477, and is 5114, or 6.4 per cent., more than in 1901; Renfrew, where the population is 12,565, and is 3269, or 35.2 per cent., more than in 1901; and Gourock, where the population is now 7442, and is 2198, or 41.9 per cent., more than in 1901.

Ross and Cromarty.— The population of Ross and Cromarty is found by the Census to amount to 77,353, and to be 903, or 1.2 per cent, more than in 1901. But this increase of population must be considered accidental, for it is more than fully accounted for by the presence of part of the Home Fleet in Cromarty Bay on Census day, their numbers amounting to 4000. If this accidental population be deducted from the county population, the increase of 903 is converted into a decrease of 3097, or 4.1 per cent. In 1801 the population of Ross and Cromarty amounted to 56,318. By 1851 it had increased to 82,707; since then, the accidental rise found by the present Census alone excepted, the population has steadily diminished.

The county contains 33 parishes. Of them 29 are mainland and four insular. Of the 29 mainland parishes 26 show a decrease of population and only three an increase. The largest increase is found in the parish of Cromarty, 3790, or 205.1 per cent; but as the population of this parish includes the shipping population above referred to, this increase must be taken as purely accidental. The other parishes showing an increase are Dingwall, an increase of 140, or 5.1 per cent., and Fearn, of 24, or 1.4 per cent. Among the mainland parishes showing a decrease of population are Gairloch, 480, or 12.6 per cent.; Lochbroom, 413, or 12.9 per cent.; Lochcarron, 334, or 23.2 per cent.; and Tain, 249, or 9.0 per cent. The insular parishes of this county are in marked contrast to the mainland parishes, for of them three show an increase of population and one only a decrease. The increases are found in Stornoway, 452, or 3.5 per cent.; Barvas, 218, or 3.2 per cent.; and Lochs, 17, or 0.4 per cent. The decrease found in Uig is 35, or 0.8 per cent. The total insular population of the county amounts to 29,601, and is 652 more than in 1901.

The county contains six burghs. Of these, three show an increase of population and three a decrease, the largest increase being that of the burgh of Cromarty, 686, or 55.2 per cent. This increase, however, like that of the parish of Cromarty, is accidental, and is due to the presence of Naval shipping. The other increases found are 120, or 4.8 per cent., in Dingwall, and 4, or 0.4 percent., in Invergordon. The burghs showing a decrease are Fortrose, 95, or 8.9 per cent,; Stornoway, 79, or 2.0 per cent.; and Tain, 46, or 2.8 per cent.

Roxburgh.— The county of Roxburgh in 1801 had a population of 33,721. By each Census up to 1861 it was found to have increased, and at the latter date amounted to 54,119. But since then it has steadily decreased, falling to 48,804 in 1901, and is found by this Census to be only 47,192, a decennial loss of 1612, or 3.3 per cent. The general trend of the population in this county resembles that of the, other southern counties, .Dumfries, Kirkcudbright, and Wigtown, for they all increased in population up to 1851 or 1861, and since then have declined.

Of the 30 parishes in this county, four show some increase of population, six practically no change, and 20 a decrease. The parishes showing some increase of population are Castleton, 62, or 3.3 per cent.; Cavers, 47, or 3.8 per cent.; Roberton, 39, or 9.8 per cent.; and St. Boswells, 37, or 3.9 per cent. The largest decreases of population are found in Jedburgh, 551, or 12.2 per cent.; Hawick, 481, or 2.6 per cent.; and Minto, 79, or 18.5 per cent.

The burghal portion of this county is found to have a population of 25,777, and is 865, or 3.2 per cent., less than in 1901, The extra-burghal population is 21,415, and is 747, or 3.4 per cent., less than in 1901. All four burghs of the county show a decrease of population. In Hawick the decrease is 426, or 2.5 per cent.; in Jedburgh, 384, or 12.2 per cent.; in Kelso, 26, or 0.6 per cent.; and in Melrose, 29, or 1.3 per cent.

Selkirk —The population of Selkirk is found to amount to 24,600, which is 1244, or 5.3 per cent., more than in 1901. In 1801 the population of this county was only 5388. This increased steadily up to 1891, and then amounted to 27,353, but the 1901 Census showed a loss of 3997, or 14.6 per cent, and the population then amounted to 23,356. The increase found by this Census is less than the loss found by the previous Census, and the population remains lower than it was in both 1881 and 1891.

The county contains seven entire parishes and a small portion of the Roxburgh parish of Melrose. Of the seven entire parishes, five show an increase of population and two a decrease. The largest increases are 948, or 6.8 per cent., in Galashiels; 316, or 4.5 per cent., in Selkirk; and 46, or 6.9 per cent., in Caddonfoot. The decreases are in Ashkirk, 75, or 18.6 per cent.; and in Kirkhope, 16, or 4.0 per cent.

The population of the burghal portion of the county amounts to 20,417, and is 1147, or 6.0 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population amounts to 4183, and is 97, or 2.4 per cent., more than in 1901. There are only two burghs in the county— Galashiels, which has a population now of 14,531, and is 916, or 6.7 per cent., more than in 1901; and Selkirk, where the population now is 5886, which is 231, or 4.1 per cent., more than in 1901.

Shetland.— The population of Shetland is found to be 27,911, and is 255, or 0.9 per cent., less than in 1901. The population in 1801 amounted to 22,379. It tended upwards till 1861, when it amounted to 31,670, but since that date has declined. The population now found is less than that found by all Censuses subsequent to that of 1821.

The county contains 12 parishes. Of them nine show a decrease of population and three an increase. The increases are in Lerwick, 777, or 11.9 per cent.; in Unst, 131, or 6.7 per cent.; and in Dunrossness, 123, or 3.4 per cent. The largest decreases of population are found in Sandsting, 296, or 12.4 per cent.; Walls, 250, or 12.5 per cent.; Tingwall, 163, or 7.2 per cent.; and Northmavine, 148, or 7.4 per cent.

There is only one burgh in the county, Lerwick; its population is found to be 4654, and is 373, or 8.7 per cent., more than in 1901.

Stirling.— In 1801 this county had a population of 50,825. Bach successive Census has shown an increase, and the population now amounts to 161,003; it is fully three times as large as in 1801, and 18,712, or 13.2 per cent., more than in 1901. Two Censuses, those of 1811 and 1881, have shown that the decennial rate of increase in this county has exceeded 14 per cent.; three Censuses, 1841, 1901, and this Census, show a rise of between 13 and 14 per cent.; three Censuses, 1821, 1831, and 1891, show a rise of between 11 and 13 per cent.; while three only, those of 1851, 1861, and 1871, show a rise of less than 10 per cent.

The county has twenty-two parishes; of these, fourteen are found to have increased their population during the decade, while eight have lost it. The largest increases are in Falkirk, 5797, or 15.8 per cent.; St. Ninians, 5716, or 70.1 per cent.; Stirling, 2852, or 15.3 per cent.; and Grangemouth, 2007, or 11.5 per cent. The largest decreases are in Slamannan, 1843, or 34.9 per cent.; Drymen, 121, or 8.7 per cent.; and Campsie, 120, or 2.2 per cent. The loss of population by the parish of Slamannan is the largest parish loss of population found by this Census, with the exception only, as we have pointed out above, of the parish of Arbroath and St. Vigeans; but the decennial rate of decrease in Slamannan is the greatest parish rate of decrease found.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 81,149, and is 8647, or 11.9 per cent, more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population of the county amounts to 79,854, and is 10,065, or 14.4 per cent., more than in 1901. The county has six burghs. Of these, four are found to have increased their populations, while two are found to have lost it. Increases are found in Falkirk, 4289, or 14.6 per cent.; Stirling, 2797, or 15.2 percent.; Grangemouth, 990, or 11.0 per cent.; and Kilsyth, 814, or 11.2 per cent. Decreases are found in Bridge of Allan, 119, or 3.7 per cent.; and in Denny and Dunipace, 124, or 2.3 per cent.

Sutherland.— This is one of the four counties in which the population ascertained by this Census is less than it was at the time of the first Census, in 1801. The population now is 20,180, which is 1260, or 5.9 per cent., less than in 1901, and 2937, or 12.7 per cent., less than in 1801. The Censuses of 1811, 1821, 1831, and 1851 showed some increase of the population, but all other Censuses have shown the reverse.

The county has thirteen parishes. Of these, three, Clyne, Golspie, and Kildonan, show a trifling increase, while ten show decreases, the largest being in Assynt, 275, or 11.5 per cent.; in Tongue, 174, or 9.8 per cent.; in Eddrachillis, 168, or 11.8 per cent.; and in Rogart, 159, or 14.4 per cent.

There is only one burgh in this county, viz., Dornoch. Its population is found to have increased during the decade from 624 to 741, a rise of 117, or 18.8 per cent.

Wigtown.— This county has a population of 31,990, which is 695, or 2.1 per cent., less than in 1901. In 1801 Wigtown had a population of 22,918. Each successive Census up to 1851 showed an increase, and at that date the population amounted to 43,389, but a decline of population has been found by each Census since that of 1851, and the population now is less than it was in 1821. These changes of population, a rise up to 1851 and a subsequent fall, are very similar to what is found in each of the other three southern counties, Roxburgh, Dumfries, and Kirkcudbright.

The county contains seventeen parishes. Of them, five show an increase of population; one, Kirkcolm, is found to show no material change; while eleven show a loss. The largest gains are in Inch, 136, or 3.5 per cent., and Leswalt, 135, or 5.9 per cent. The largest losses are in Penninghame, 299, or 8.9 per cent.; in Kirkmaiden, 154, or 7.9 per cent.; and in Stoneykirk, 141, or 5.8 per cent.

The burghal population of the county amounts to 11,031, and is 217, or 2.0 per cent., more than in 1901. The extra-burghal population is 20,959, and is 912, or 4.2 percent, less than in 1901. Of the four burghs situated in the county, one only, Stranraer, shows an increase of population, amounting to 396, or 6.6 per cent.; while the remaining three are found to have lost population, the largest loss being that of Newton-Stewart, 143, or 6.5 per cent.

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