1911 Census of Scotland, Population, Ages and Conjugal Condition, Occupations, Birthplaces, Housing, Gaelic-speaking, Table 1 : " Scotland.-Intercensal Change in the Numbers Returned under the various Occupations".

OCCUPATIONS. MALES. FEMALES. Ref-
ere-
nces
to
No-
tes
TOTAL
1911.
TOTAL
1901.
Intercensal
Change.
TOTAL
1911.
TOTAL
1901.
Intercensal
Change.
Incr-
ease.
Decr-
ease.
Incr-
ease.
Decr-
ease.

I.—GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.
                 
1. National Government.                  
1. Post Office—Officers, Clerks, Telegraphists, Telephone Operators 3,868 }3,876 }1,530 3,389 }1,537 }1,318 }1
3. Other Civil Service Officers and Clerks 3,178 117
96. Telegraph, Telephone Service [not Government (in 1911)] 807 2,447 1,111 1,762
2. Postmen; Post Office Messengers 8,563 }7,594 1,805 552 }599 87
4. Other Civil Service Messengers 836 134
2. Local Government.                  
5. Police 5,797 5,240 557 14 14
6. Municipal, Parish, and other Local or County Officers 4,761 2,484 2,277 726 67 659

II.—DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.
                 
1. Army.                  
7. Army Officers (Effective and Retired) 892 694 198
8. Soldiers and Non-Commissioned Officers 6,052 5,707 345
2. Navy and Marines.                  
9. Officers of the Navy and Marines (Effective and Retired) 520 139 381
10. Men of the Navy and Marines 8,009 1,517 6,492

III.—PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS AND THEIR SUBORDINATE SERVICES.
                 
1. Clerical.                  
11. Ministers (Established Church) 1,765 1,828 63
12. Ministers (United Free Church) 1,838 1,983 145
13. Episcopalian Clergymen 321 380 59
14. Roman Catholic Priests 474 456 18
15. Ministers, Clergymen, of other religious bodies 707 686 21 2 2
16. Missionaries, Scripture Readers, Itinerant Preachers 912 722 190 546 508 38
17. Monks, Nuns, Sisters of Charity 2 8 6 412 398 14
18. Church, Chapel, Cemetery - Officers, &c. 1,152 1,086 66 104 82 22
2. Legal.                  
19. Advocates, Solicitors 4,218 3,970 248 1 1
20. Law Clerks 5,423 5,628 205 114 32 82
3. Medical.                  
21. Physicians, Surgeons, Registered Practitioners 3,094 2,905 189 134 60 74
22. Dentists (including Assistants) 1,323 826 497 72 35 37
23. Veterinary Surgeons 279 362 83 1 1
24. Midwives 313 385 72
25. Sick Nurses, Invalid Attendants 268 95 173 10,316 7,812 2,504
26. Subordinate Medical Service 524 112 412 317 153 164
4. Teaching.                  
27. Schoolmasters, Teachers, Professors, Lecturers 8,010 7,534 476 18,778 17,234 1,544
28. Others connected with Education 1,067 506 561 466 140 326
5. Literary and Scientific.                  
29. Authors, Editors, Journalists, Reporters 1,001 938 63 100 86 14
30. Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits 446 273 173 25 10 15
31. Others connected with Literature, &c. 401 32 369 254 11 243
6. Engineers and Surveyors.                  
32. Civil, Mining— Engineers 1,567 }1,613 3 6 } 16
34. Professional Engineers', Professional Surveyors'— Assistants 49 10
33. Land, House, Ship—Surveyors 518 584 66
7. Art, Music, Drama.                  
35. Painters, Sculptors, Engravers 1,283 1,014 269 316 291 25
36. Architects 1,647 1,881 234 12 4 8
37. Photographers 1,306 1,187 119 847 1,082 235
38. Musicians, Music Masters, Singers (not Street) 1,973 1,869 104 2,012 2,220 208 2
39. Actors 447 353 94 321 304 17
40. Art, Music, Theatre— Service, &c. 918 285 633 249 80 169
8. Exhibition, Games, &c.                  
41. Performers, Showmen; Exhibition, Games—Service 2,780 1,460 1,320 234 104 130

IV.—DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.
                 
1. Domestic Indoor Service.                  
42. Domestic Indoor Servants in Hotels, Lodging - houses, Eatinghouses 1,194 999 195 3,968 3,575 393
43. Other Domestic Indoor Servants 2,527 2,090 437 131,084 140,124 9,040
2. Domestic Outdoor Service.                  
44. Domestic— Coachmen, Grooms 4,886 5,835 949 2 2
45. Domestic—Motor Car Drivers, Motor Car Attendants 2,564 2,564 7 7 3
46. Domestic Gardeners 10,615 7,686 2,929 49 12 37
47. Gamekeepers 5,908 5,367 541 11 11
3. Other Service.                  
48. College, Club—Service 412 454 42 243 60 183
49. Hospital, Institution, and Benevolent Society Service 1,762 1,262 500 4,900 2,948 1,952
50. Caretakers; Office, Park, Lodge, Gate—Keepers (not Government) 2,233 1,724 509 1,471 1,459 12
51. Cooks (not Domestic) 485 241 244 1,206 515 691
52. Charwomen, Cleaners 66 66 10,472 8,035 2,437
53. Laundry Workers; Washers, Ironers, Manglers, &c. 806 511 295 12,928 17,630 4,702 }4
54. Bath and Wash-house Service; others engaged in Service 1,030 586 444 237 117 120

V.- COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.
                 
1. Merchants, Agents, and Accountants.                  
55. Merchants (Commodity undefined) 514 520 6 70 17 53
56. Brokers, Agents, Factors 4,828 4,432 396 273 101 172
57. Salesmen, Buyers (not otherwise described) 114 142 28 65 353 288
58. Commercial Travellers 11,710 9,426 2,284 223 124 99
59. Accountants 1,898 1,721 177 10 10
60. Auctioneers, Appraisers, Valuers, House Agents 1,292 803 489 27 2 25
61. Officers of Commercial Guilds, Societies, &c. 268 333 65 36 12 24
2. Commercial or Business Clerks.                  
62. Commercial or Business Clerks 40,337 38,511 1,826 29,067 15,399 13,668
3. Dealers in Money.                  
63. Bankers; Bank—Officials, Clerks 5,960 4,937 1,023 22 1 21
64. Bill—Discounters, Brokers; Finance Agents 102 114 12 18 1 17
4. Insurance.                  
65. Life, House, Ship, &c., Insurance—Officials, Clerks, &c. 4,090 2,247 1,843 189 19 170
66. Insurance Agents 4,590 3,268 1,322 31 30 1

VI.- CONVEYANCE OF PERSONS, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.
                 
1. On Railways.                  
67. Railway—Officials, Clerks 9,765 8,179 1,586 205 92 113
68. [Inserted after No. 73]
69. Railway Engine—Drivers, Stokers, Cleaners 9,290 7,587 1,703
70. Railway Guards 3,054 3,062 8
71. Signalmen 3,816 3,419 397
72. Pointsmen, Level Crossing Men 927 1,127 200 20 44 24
73. Platelayers, Gangers, Packers 8,316 6,127 2,189
68. Railway Ticket—Examiners, Collectors; Railway Porters 6,455 }13,314 974 1 }186 175 5
74. Railway Labourers (not Railway Contractors— Labourers); other Railway Servants 7,833 260
2. On Roads.                  
75. Livery Stable Keepers; Coach, Cab— Proprietors; Motor Garage— Proprietors, Workers 1,510 1,643 133 31 31
76. Horsekeepers, Grooms, Stablemen, Coachmen (not Domestic); Cabmen 6,437 9,357 2,920 4 1 3
77. Motor Car Drivers (not Domestic), Motor Cab Drivers, Motor Van, &c., Drivers 1,283 80 1,203 1 1 6
78. Vanmen, Lorrymen, Carriers, Carters (not Farm) 40,391 39,207 1,184 68 52 16
79. Omnibus Service— Horse Drivers 141 }1,327 13 }11
80. Omnibus Service— Motor Drivers 100
81. Omnibus Service— Conductors and Others 73 1
82. Tramway Service— Drivers 2,540 }13,084 3,420 }15 39
83. Tramway Service—Conductors and Others 3,964 44
84. Others connected with Carrying or Cartage; Others on Roads 319 22 297 19 3 16
3. On Seas, Rivers, and Canals.                  
85. Merchant Service; Seamen— Navigating Department 8,712 }119,089 1,025 }116 19
86. Merchant Service; Seamen— Engineering Department 7,813
87. Merchant Service; Seamen— Cooks, Stewards, and Others (Subsidiary Services) 3,096 133
88. Pilots; Boatmen on Seas 493 2
89. Bargemen, Lightermen, Watermen 662 641 21 1 5 4
90. Navigation Service (on Shore) 869 693 176 13 7 6
4. In Docks, Harbours, and Lighthouses.                  
91. Dock Labourers, Quay Labourers 13,147 9,601 3,546 18 1 17
92. Harbour, Dock, Quay, Lighthouse— Officials and Servants 1,794 1,056 738 18 1 17
5. In Storage, Porterage, and Messages.                  
93. Warehousemen 2,447 4,010 1,563 652 1,125 473
94. Coalheavers; Coal—Porters, Labourers 3,104 1,805 1,299 7 7
95. Messengers, Porters, Watchmen (not Railway or Government) 20,760 19,248 1,512 5,204 4,745 459
96. Telegraph, Telephone— Service (not Government) 807 2,447 1,640 1,111 1,762 651 7

VII.—AGRICULTURE.
                 
1. On Farms, Woods, and Gardens.                  
97. Farmers, Graziers 29,939 }45,573 1,607 2,666 }7,822 1,110 8
99. Crofters 14,027 4,046
98. Farmers', Graziers'— Sons, Daughters, or other Relatives assisting in the work of the Farm 11,619 }17,550 923 5,557 }12,402 1,728 8
100. Crofters'—Sons, Daughters, or other Relatives assisting in the work of the Croft 5,008 5,117
101. Farm—Grieves, Foremen 7,250 4,650 2,600 29 5 24
102. Shepherds 9,041 9,647 606 11 9 2
103. Agricultural Labourers, Farm Servants— In charge of Cattle 13,806 11,617 2,189 6,127 4,956 1,171
104. Agricultural Labourers, Farm Servants—In charge of Horses 35,475 34,352 1,123 85 4 81
105. Agricultural Labourers, Farm Servants—Not otherwise distinguished 22,260 27,825 5,565 8,785 14,836 6,051
106. Foresters, Woodmen 3,621 4,126 505 15 14 1
107. Nurserymen, Seedsmen, Florists 1,652 }11,610 1,093 227 }498 4
108. Market Gardeners (including Labourers) 2,412 185
109. Other Gardeners (not Domestic) 6,453 90
110. Agricultural Machine—Proprietors, Attendants 315 417 102 6 1 5
111. Others engaged in or connected with Agriculture 2,811 1,763 1,048 111 34 77

VIII.—FISHING.
                 
1. In Fishing.                  
112. Fishermen 24,163 }27,451 591 263 }149 174 8
113. Fishermen-crofters 3,879 60

IX.—MINING AND QUARRYING.
                 
1. Mine and Quarry Service.                  
114. Coal and Shale Mine—Hewers 90,470 87,226 3,244
115. Coal and Shale Mine—Other Workers below ground 39,409 12,753 26,656
116. Coal and Shale Mine—Workers above Ground 11,225 6,943 4,282 2,396 1,187 1,209 9
117. Coke Burners 339 }210 193 1 }4 3
118. Patent Fuel Makers 64
119. Ironstone—Miners, Quarriers 1,996 2,424 428
120. Lead Miners 372 171 201
121. Miners in other Minerals 66 43 23
122. Coal, Shale, and Metalliferous Mine—Owners, Agents, Managers 1,425 871 554 3 1 2
123. Other Mine Service 508 633 125 8 8
124. Stone, Slate, &c., Mine or Quarry—Owners, Agents, Managers 168 (?) (?) (?) 10
125. Stone—Miners, Quarriers 6,451 }13,694 3,642 2 } 8
126. Stone—Cutters, Dressers 3,601 6
127. Slate—Miners, Quarriers, Workers 454 996 542 2 2
128. Limeburners 172 164 8
129. Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk—Pit, &c., Workers 731 906 175 5 5
130. Other Workers in Products of Quarries 204 180 24 42 51 9
2. Dealers in Products of Mines and Quarries.
131. Coal, Coke—Merchants, Dealers 4,002 3,428 574 68 100 32
132. Dealers in Stone, Slate, &c. 155 196 41 6 2 4

X.—METAL, MACHINE, IMPLEMENT, AND CONVEYANCE MANUFACTURE.
                 
1. Iron and Steel Manufacture.                  
133. Pig Iron Manufacture (Blast Furnaces) 3,345 7,781 4,436 4 4
134. Puddling Furnaces and Rolling Mills; Tube Manufacture 14,884 7,224 7,660 35 35
135. Steel— Manufacture, Smelting, Founding 9,913 8,258 1,655 5 5
2. Manufacture of Other, Mixed, or Unspecified Metals.                  
136. Lead Manufacture 116 143 27 11 1 10
137. Manufacture of other or unspecified Metals 1,393 155 1,238 19 3 16
3. Engineering and Machine Making.                  
138. Patternmakers 3,914 3,408 596 8 8
139. Millwrights 559 800 241 1 1
140. Ironfounders 29,188 24,062 5,126 167 60 107
141. Brassfounders 1,812 1,785 27 29 11 18
142. Blacksmiths, Strikers 22,388 24,921 2,533 31 23 8
143. Erectors, Fitters, Turners 23,264 26,567 3,303 5 5
144. Brass Finishers 3,505 3,834 329 12 11 1
145. Coppersmiths 1,151 1,101 50
146. Metal Machinists 5,449 3,761 1,688 175 7 168
148. Boiler Makers 9,749 9,767 18
147. Labourers in Engineering Works 5,719 }17,771 14,340 6 }847 983 11
149. Other or undefined Workers in Engine and Machine Making 26,223 1,811
159. Roller Engravers, Block Cutters (for Textile, &c., Printing) 169 13
4. Electrical Apparatus.                  
150. Electrical Cable Manufacture 118 }4,160 2,973 25 }30 61
151. Electric Lamp Manufacture 80 2
152. Other Electrical Apparatus Makers; Electric Fitters; Electricians (undefined) 6,935 64
5. Tools.                  
153. Tool Makers 1,258 809 449 29 29
154. File Makers 67 136 69 16 14 2
155. Saw Makers 135 197 62 2 2
156. Cutlers; Scissors Makers 153 271 118 3 10 7
157. Needle, Pin—Makers 77 77 49 49
158. Steel Pen Makers 2 2 2 2
6. Types, Blocks, Dies.
159. Roller Engravers, Block Cutters (for Textile, &c., Printing) 169 (?) (?) (?) 13 (?) (?) (?) 12
160. Type—Cutters, Founders 310 430 120 33 53 20
161. Die, Seal, Coin, Medal—Makers 78 133 55 22 21 1
7. Arms.                  
162. Gunsmiths, Gun Manufactures 298 203 95 4 3 1
163. Sword, Bayonet—Makers 2 2
8. Miscellaneous Metal Trades.                  
164. Nail Manufacture 294 281 13 134 132 2
165. Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple—Makers 857 1,039 182 401 408 7
166. Anchor, Chain—Manufacture 72 79 7 12 3 9
167. Stove, Grate, Range, Fire Iron—Makers 1,368 1,132 236 20 14 6
168. Wire—Drawers, Makers, Workers, Weavers 1,344 1,149 195 435 190 245
169. White Metal, Plated—Ware Manufacturers; Pewterers 270 254 16 34 20 14
170. Tinplate Goods Makers 3,493 4,153 660 270 176 94
171. Copper Workers 63 157 94 2 2
172. Leaden Goods Makers 45 106 61 9 18 9
173. Zinc Workers 23 54 31
174. Brass, Bronze—Workers 348 179 169 23 39 16
175. Other Iron Goods Makers; Iron Workers (undefined) 2,964 1,314 }351 99 } 75 13
176. Other Metal Workers 775 2074 62 236
9. Ships and Boats.                  
177. Ship—Platers, Riveters, &c. 16,977 10,835 6,142
178. Ship—Other Workers in Iron 4,989 2,294 2,695 17 17
179. Shipwrights 8,248 6,988 1,260
180. Ship—Other Workers in Wood 1,953 1,349 604 23 2 21
181. Ship Painters; Shipyard Labourers (undefined); Others in Ship and Boat Building 18,689 13,061 5,628 239 127 112
10. Vehicles.                  
182. Railway—Coach, Wagon Makers 2,809 1,221 1,588 3 3
183. Cycle Makers 947 }1,114 2,541 71 }37 56
184. Motor Car Makers 2,708 22
185. Coach, Carriage—Makers 2,783 3,536 753 11 5 6
186. Wheelwrights 185 564 379
187. Others in Construction of Vehicles 1,031 781 250 8 21 13
11. Dealers in Hardware, Metals, Machines.                  
188. Ironmongers; Hardware— Dealers, Merchants 4,491 4,149 342 1,371 948 423
189. Other Dealers in Metals, Machines, &c. 986 854 132 210 125 85

XI.—PRECIOUS METALS, JEWELS, WATCHES, INSTRUMENTS, AND GAMES.
                 
1. Precious Metals and Jewellery.                  
190. Goldsmiths, Silversmiths, Jewellers 1,196 1,222 26 234 182 52
191. Lapidaries and other Workers 57 165 108 12 75 63
2. Watches and Scientific Instruments.                  
192. Watchmakers, Clockmakers 2,102 2,881 779 57 58 1
193. Scientific Instrument Makers; Opticians; Photographic Apparatus Makers 796 585 211 56 39 17
194. Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Makers 865 415 450 86 49 37
195. Surgical and Dental Instrument and Apparatus Makers 275 125 150 53 34 19
3. Musical Instruments.                  
196. Piano, Organ—Makers 654 }659 117 21 }11 15
197. Other Musical Instrument Makers 122 5
4. Tackle for Sports and Games.                  
198. Fishing Tackle, Toy, Game Apparatus— Makers 957 685 272 583 307 276
5. Dealers.                  
199. Dealers in Precious Metals, Jewellery, and Watches 652 226 426 213 128 85
200. Dealers in Instruments, Toys, &c. 190 176 14 86 123 37

XII.—BUILDING AND WORKS OF CONSTRUCTION.
                 
1. House Building, &c.                  
201. Architectural, Monumental— Carvers, Sculptors, Masons 987 (?) (?) (?) 4 (?) (?) (?) 14
202. Builders 2,269 2,646 377 3 2 1
203. Builders' Labourers 1,609 186 1,423 2 2
204. Carpenters, Joiners 29,430 }41,355 11,603 19 }9 10
205. Carpenters', Joiners'— Labourers 322
206. Bricklayers 3,441 4,333 892
207. Bricklayers' Labourers 1,674 1,864 190
208. Masons 12,967 }24,386 10,432 8 }26 14
201. Architectural, Monumental— Carvers, Sculptors, Masons 987 4
209. Masons' Labourers 5,328 8,840 3,512 3 3
210. Slaters, Tilers 5,518 6,315 797 7 8 1
211. Plasterers 3,702 4,937 1,235 4 1 3
212. Plasterers' Labourers 857 1,340 483
213. Painters, Paperhangers, Decorators 15,552 }15,842 490 52 }186 131
214. Glaziers 780 3
215. Plumbers, Gasfitters 11,543 11,686 143 35 30 5
216. Locksmiths, Bellhangers 108 211 103 7 3 4
2. Other Works of Construction.                  
217. Railway, Canal, Harbour, &c.—Contractors 285 202 83 1 1
218. Navvies; Railway, &c., Contractors' Labourers 2,348 5,589 3,241
219. Well, Mine—Sinkers, Borers 429 546 117
220. Road—Contractors, Surveyors Inspectors 110 659 549
221. Paviours; Road Labourers 7,131 5,437 1,694 1 1

XIII.—WOOD, FURNITURE, FITTINGS, AND DECORATIONS.
                 
1. Furniture, Fittings, and Decorations.                  
222. Cabinet Makers 6,467 7,567 1,100 165 88 77
223. French Polishers 1,167 1,118 49 2,056 2,606 550
224. Upholsterers 2,508 2,653 145 991 1,106 115
225. House and Shop Fittings Makers 622 456 166 50 70 20
226. Undertakers; Funeral Furniture Makers 259 231 28 29 22 7
227. Wood Carvers; Carvers and Gilders 1,062 1,663 601 141 156 15
228. Willow, Cane, Rush— Workers; Basket Makers 510 484 26 144 41 103
229. Dealers in Works of Art 174 84 90 88 32 56
230. Furniture, &c., Dealers 1,156 800 356 465 413 52
2. Wood and Bark.                  
231. Sawyers; Wood Cutting Machinists 7,883 6,471 1,412 75 5 70
232. Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle—Makers 378 645 267 5 5
233. Wood Turners 1,069 1,817 748 6 8 2
234. Wooden Box, Packing Case—Makers 1,838 1,674 164 408 371 37
235. Coopers; Hoop—Makers, Benders 5,903 5,572 331 40 5 35
236. Cork, Bark—Cutters, Workers 203 325 122 145 137 8
237. Other Workers in Wood 1,303 1,058 245 222 236 14
238. Timber, Wood, Cork, Bark—Merchants, Dealers 1,028 1,048 20 22 38 16

XIV.—BRICK, CEMENT, POTTERY, AND GLASS.
                 
1. Brick, Cement, Pottery, and Glass.                  
239. Brick, Plain Tile, Terra Cotta—Makers 3,821 3,960 139 824 946 122
240. Plaster, Cement— Manufacture 185 125 60 2 2
241. Earthenware, China, Porcelain— Manufacture 2,354 2,328 26 1,241 1,401 160
242. Sheet, Plate—Glass Manufacture 201 313 112 15 9 6
243. Glass Bottle Manufacture 2,010 969 1,041 94 52 42
244. Other Workers in Glass Manufacture 662 872 210 134 223 89
245. Brick, Cement—Dealers 61 }704 27 2 }1,060 316
246. Earthenware, China, Glass—Dealers 670 742

XV.—CHEMICALS, EXPLOSIVES, OIL, SOAP, RESIN, &c.
                 
1. Colouring Matter.                  
247. Dye, Paint, Ink, Blacking— Manufacture 587 495 92 116 106 10
2. Explosives and Matches                  
248. Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance— Manufacture 1,157 838 319 755 412 343
249. Cartridge, Fireworks, Explosive Article— Manufacture 159 19 140 277 42 235
250. Lucifer Match Manufacture 6 34 28 3 145 142
3. Salt, Drugs, and other Chemicals and Compounds.                  
251. Salt Makers 45 50 5 9 6 3
252. Manufacturing Chemists 3,849 2,298 1,551 743 488 255
253. Alkali Manufacture 15 139 124 34 6 28
254. Chemists, Druggists 3,782 4,010 228 863 617 246
4. Oil, Grease, Soap, Resin, &c.                  
255. Mineral Oil Workers 2,124 }1,464 1,911 2 }25 6 15
256. Other Oil Workers; Oil Cake Makers 1,251 29
257. Candle, Grease— Manufacture 298 329 31 42 30 12
258. Soap—Boilers, Makers 420 315 105 75 48 27
259. Manure Manufacture 480 203 277 23 17 6
260. India Rubber, Gutta Percha— Workers 2,019 2,308 289 1,568 1,704 136
261. Waterproof Goods Makers 483 390 93 709 637 72
262. Glue, Size, Varnish, &c.— Makers 245 176 69 120 114 6
263. Dealers in Paint, Explosives, Oil, Soap, Resin, &c. 645 552 93 334 122 212

XVI.—SKINS, LEATHER, HAIR, AND FEATHERS
                 
1. Skins and Leather.                  
264. Furriers, Skinners 821 713 108 313 234 79
265. Tanners 1,022 965 57 17 2 15
266. Curriers 667 }1,822 70 9 }343 89
267. Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap, &c., Makers 1,085 245
2. Saddlery and Harness.                  
268. Saddlers; Harness, Whip—Makers 1,734 2,235 501 107 77 30
3. Hair and Feathers.                  
269. Brush, Broom—Makers; Hair, Bristle—Workers 578 610 32 455 656 201
270. Quill, Feather—Dressers 16 8 8 108 174 66
4. Dealers in Skins, Leather, Hair, and Feathers.                  
271. Dealers in Skins, Leather, Hair, and Feathers 334 345 11 69 74 5

XVII.—PAPER, STATIONERY, BOOKS, AND PRINTS.
                 
1. Paper and Stationery.                  
272. Paper Manufacture 5,636 5,000 636 4,477 4,655 178
273. Paper Stainers 75 122 47 42 53 11
274. Stationery Manufacture; Envelope Makers 572 175 397 1,786 1,392 394
275. Paper Bag, Cardboard Box—Makers 348 234 114 2,904 2,685 219
276. Other Workers in Paper, &c. 514 }691 160 471 }323 148
369. Circular, Envelope— Addressers, &c. 13
371. Billposters 324
277. Stationers, Law Stationers; Dealers in Paper 2,051 2,149 98 2,485 2,123 362
2. Books and Prints.                  
278. Printers 11,031 10,077 954 4,083 2,860 1,223
279. Lithographers; Copper and Steel Plate Printers 1,873 1,752 121 787 731 56
280. Bookbinders 1,658 1,505 153 4,023 3,530 493
281. Publishers, Booksellers, Newspaper Publishers 1,507 1,687 }153 708 608 }290 16
282. Newspaper Agents, News Room Keepers 735 717 855 672
370. Advertising, Billposting—Agents 315 7

XVIII.—TEXTILE FABRICS.
                 
1. Cotton.                  
283. Cotton—Gard and Blowing Room Processes 117 161 44 177 242 65
284. Cotton—Spinning Processes 456 249 207 2,372 1,855 517
285. Cotton—Winding, Warping, &c., Processes 374 320 54 1,661 2,362 701
286. Cotton—Weaving Processes 1,187 736 451 6,269 6,042 227
287. Cotton—Workers in other and in undefined Processes 852 990 138 1,430 1,861 431
2. Wool and Worsted.                  
288. Wool—Sorting Processes 485 472 13 191 306 115
289. Wool—Carding and Combing Processes 509 438 71 197 203 6
290. Wool and Worsted— Spinning Processes 2,021 1,704 317 3,929 4,067 138
291. Wool and Worsted— Weaving Processes 3,907 2,806 1,101 7,531 6,596 935
292. Wool and Worsted—Workers in other and in undefined Processes 3,216 3,841 625 3,300 4,473 1,173
3. Silk.                  
293. Silk—Spinning Processes 7 25 18 155 317 162
294. Silk—Weaving Processes 231 453 222 514 1,268 754
295. Silk—Workers in other and in undefined Processes 102 85 17 141 276 135
4. Flax, Linen, Hemp, Jute, and other Fibrous Materials.                  
296. Flax, Linen— Manufacture 5,503 5,502 1 16,360 18,068 1,708
297. Hemp, Jute—Manufacture 12,618 }10,593 2,173 27,074 }28,662 1,537 17
298. Cocoa Fibre Manufacture; Mat Makers 148 51
299. Rope, Twine, Cord—Makers 1,486 1,505 19 1,793 1,069 724
300. Canvas, Sailcloth, Sacking, Net, &c.—Manufacture 1,592 977 615 4,206 3,744 462
5. Mixed or Unspecified Materials.                  
301. Thread Manufacture 1,843 (?) (?) (?) 8,519 (?) (?) (?) 18
302. Hosiery Manufacture 1,395 1,031 364 9,960 10,926 966
303. Lace Manufacture 2,177 1,515 662 2,954 1,381 1,573
304. Carpet, Rug, Felt—Manufacture 2,081 2,030 51 3,906 3,158 748
301. Thread Manufacture 1,843 }1,240 751 8,519 }9,081 100
305. Smallware, Fancy Goods (Textile), &c.—Manufacture 148 662
306. Weavers and Workers in Sundry and in undefined Fabrics; Factory Hands (Textile) undefined 1,291 2,934 1,643 3,593 9,744 6,151 19
6. Bleaching, Printing, Dyeing, &c.                  
307. Textile Bleachers 2,627 2,259 368 2,177 2,073 104
308. Textile Printers 3,375 3,224 151 2,472 2,389 83
309. Textile Dyers 4,171 3,447 724 2,032 1,294 738
310. Textile— Calenderers, Finishers, &c. 2,337 3,008 671 1,743 1,545 198
7. Dealers.                  
311. Drapers, Linen Drapers, Mercers 11,566 11,995 429 10,055 7,814 2,241
312. Other Dealers in Textile Fabrics 1,222 1,379 157 479 661 182

XIX.—DRESS.
                 
1. Dress.                  
313. Straw Plait, Straw Hat, Straw Bonnet— Manufacture 14 15 1 10 40 30
314. Other Hat Manufacture; Cap Manufacture 156 241 85 860 744 116
315. Milliners 133 24 109 6,680 5,936 744
316. Hat, Bonnet, Straw Plait, &c.—Dealers 475 425 50 400 251 149
317. Tailors 18,567 20,664 2,097 11,838 10,023 1,815
318. Clothiers, Outfitters— Dealers 1,657 1,824 167 960 596 364
319. Dressmakers 177 23 154 36,377 45,658 9,281
320. Stay, Corset—Makers 14 16 2 244 605 361
321. Shirt Makers; Seamstresses 383 231 152 8,806 10,930 2,124
322. Button Makers 5 3 2 11 30 19
323. Glove Makers 65 17 48 1,165 317 848
324. Hosiers; Haberdashers 332 387 55 358 278 80
325. Boot, Shoe—Makers 13,356 16,204 2,848 2,129 2,769 640
326. Slipper Makers 129 276 147 58 98 40
327. Patten, Clog—Makers 181 176 5 7 7
328. Boot, Shoe, Patten, Clog— Dealers 1,337 866 471 2,407 2,104 303
329. Wig Makers; Hairdressers 4,834 3,758 1,076 286 141 145
330. Umbrella, Parasol, Stick—Makers 281 341 60 382 562 180
331. Other Workers in Dress 23 46 23 108 172 64
332. Other Dealers in Dress 155 157 2 307 430 123

XX.—FOOD, TOBACCO, DRINK, AND LODGING.
                 
1. Food.                  
333. Creamery Workers 218 189 29 47 868 821
334. Milksellers, Dairymen 2,988 3,258 270 4,338 3,932 406
335. Provision Curers 690 888 198 418 967 549
336. Cheesemongers, Buttermen, Provision Dealers 1,873 1,341 532 690 222 468
337. Slaughterers, Slaughter-house Workers 370 197 173 29 3 26
338. Butchers, Meat Salesmen 13,198 11,567 1,631 691 626 65
339. Fish Curers 1,548 1,016 532 5,751 3,342 2,409
340. Fishmongers, Poulterers, Game Dealers 3,142 2,308 834 1,711 1,412 299
341. Millers; Cereal Food Manufacture 2,961 2,980 19 262 172 90
342. Corn, Flour, Seed— Merchants, Dealers 1,665 1,569 96 173 91 82
343. Bread, Biscuit, Cake, &c.— Makers 16,508 17,410 902 3,874 3,987 113
344. Bakers, Confectioners— Dealers 4,103 3,813 290 7,467 6,982 485
345. Sugar Refiners 819 717 102 85 42 43
346. Jam, Preserve, Sweet— Makers 1,568 374 1,194 3,961 2,059 1,902
347. Chocolate, Cocoa— Makers 144 38 106 1,237 363 874
348. Grocers; Tea, Coffee, Chocolate—Dealers 24,548 25,148 600 6,451 7,865 1,414
349. Greengrocers, Fruiterers 2,727 1,983 744 3,394 3,161 233
350. Aerated Water, Mineral Water—Manufacture 1,135 1,349 214 574 483 91
351. Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle, &c.—Makers 265 104 161 312 269 43
352. Other Dealers in Food 276 319 43 41 24 17
2. Tobacco.                  
353. Tobacco Manufacture 511 811 300 1,523 2,476 953
354. Tobacconists 689 715 26 1,196 1,232 36
3. Manufacture of Spirituous Drinks.                  
355. Maltsters 940 1,325 385 12 5 7
356. Brewers 2,252 2,000 252 153 52 101
357. Distillers; Spirit Manufacture 1,952 1,927 25 304 43 261
4. Board, Lodging; Dealing in Spirituous Drinks.                  
358. Coffee-house, Eating-
house—Keepers
889 660 229 785 875 90
359. Lodging-house, Boarding-house— Keepers 391 372 19 2,458 4,809 2,351
360. Inn, Hotel—Keepers; Publicans, Beersellers; Wine and Spirit— Merchants, Agents 7,433 7,068 365 1,668 1,806 138
361. Beer Bottlers, Cellarmen 730 1,020 290 290 159 131
362. Barmen 4,827 4,806 21 674 904 230
363. Waiters (not Domestic); others in Inn, Hotel, Eating-house— Service 2,730 2,851 121 4,087 2,765 1,322

XXI.—GAS, WATER, ELECTRICITY, AND SANITARY SERVICE.
                 
1. Gas, Water, Electricity Service.                  
364. Gas Works Service 6,338 5,585 753 20 5 15
365. Waterworks Service 1,131 680 451
366. Electricity Supply 776 504 272 3 4 1
2. Sanitary Service.                  
367. Drainage and Sanitary Service 871 934 63 13 13
368. Scavenging and Disposal of Refuse 1,924 1,251 673 9 6 3

XXII.—OTHER, GENERAL, AND UNDEFINED WORKERS AND DEALERS.
                 
1. Billposting and Advertising.                  
369. Circular, Envelope— Addressers, &c. 13 (?) (?) (?) 20
370. Advertising, Billposting— Agents 315 (?) (?) (?) 7 (?) (?) (?) 21
371. Billposters 324 (?) (?) (?) 20
372. Sandwichmen, Bill Distributors 129 (?) (?) (?) 22
2. About Animals.
373. Cattle, Sheep, Pig— Dealers, Salesmen 927 1,211 284 15 22 7
374. Drovers 386 221 165 1 1
375. Dog, Bird, Animal— Keepers, Dealers 110 96 14 16 20 4
376. Knackers 20 15 5
3. Sundry Specified Industries.                  
377. Celluloid—Makers, Workers 9 9 3 3 23
378. Tobacco Pipe, Snuff-box, &c.—Makers 366 431 65 230 230
379. Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoiseshell— Workers 517 95 422 240 100 140
380. Floor-cloth, Oil-cloth— Manufacture 2,608 1,984 624 104 11 93
381. Japanners 110 243 133 62 149 87
382. Chimney Sweeps 574 439 135 1 1
383. Rag—Gatherers, Dealers 212 135 77 535 458 77
384. Other Workers in Sundry Industries 216 }247 98 78 }127 49
372. Sandwichmen, Bill Distributors 129
385. Other Dealers in Sundry Industries 140 105 35 103 45 58
386. Receiving Shop, Receiving Office— Keepers, Assistants (Laundry : Dyers and Cleaners) 27 27 131 131 23
4. Makers and Dealers (General or Undefined).                  
387. Multiple Shop, Multiple Store—Proprietors, Workers (general or undefined) 254 }2,904 1,180 346 }5,843 194
388. General or unclassified Shopkeepers; General Dealers 3,830 5,691
389. Pawnbrokers 1,078 937 141 581 576 5
390. Costermongers, Hawkers, Street Sellers 4,429 }3,658 1,159 2,416 }2,542 115
392. News—Boys, Vendors (Street or undefined) 388 11
391. Contractors, Manufacturers, Managers, Superintendents (undefined) 431 1,083 652 28 35 7
5. Mechanics and Labourers (General or Undefined).                  
393. General Labourers 34,213 55,024 20,811 181 400 219 24
394. Engine—Drivers, Stokers, Firemen (not Railway, Marine or Agricultural) 11,976 17,238 5,262 2 2
395. Artisans, Mechanics, Apprentices (undefined) 451 2,299 1,848 135 434 299
396. Factory—Hands, Labourers (undefined) 646 1,547 901 1,212 1,500 288
397. Machinists, Machine Workers (undefined) 231 735 504 483 406 77

Total Occupied (Orders I.-XXII.)
1,473,757 1,391,188 82,569 593,210 591,624 1,586

XXIII.—WITHOUT OCCUPATION OR OCCUPATION UNSPECIFIED.
                 
398. Retired from Business (not Army or Navy) 37,460 38,478 1,018 7,032 15,915 8,883
399. Pensioners 3,698 1,426 2,272 1,133 88 1,045
400. Old Age Pensioners (Occupation or former Occupation not stated) 1,725 1,725 6,376 6,376 25
401. Private Means 5,122 4,767 355 48,611 47,836 775
402. Students and Scholars (14 years and upwards) 38,106 }220,222 40,797 38,947 }1134779 140,479
403. Others 222,913 1,236,311

Total of Unspecified or No Occupation (Order XXIII.)
309,024 264,893 44,131 1,338,410 1,198,618 139,792

Total Enumerated aged 10 years and upwards
1,782,781 1,656,081 126,700 1,931,620 1,790,242 141,378

Notes:

1 In 1901, Post Office Clerks, &c., were not distinguished from other Civil Service Clerks, and Post office Telegraphists were classified under Telegraph, Telephone—Service. See No.96.
2 Street singers included under this heading in 1901.
3 Eighty "Motor Car Drivers" were returned in 1901, no distinction being made between "Domestic" and "Not Domestic". See No. 77.
4 Headings in 1901 were respectively "Laundry and Washing Service" and "Others engaged in Service". The Occupations included are, however, essentially the same in both Censuses.
5 Headings in 1901 were "Railway Porters and Servants" (10,020 males; 0 females), and "Railway Labourers (not Railway Contractors' Labourers)" (3,294 males; 86 females). Ticket Collectors and Examiners were included under the former heading.
6 See Note to No. 45.
7 The heading in 1901 was "Telegraph, Telephone—Service" and included Post Office Telegraphists. See No. 1.
8 In 1901, Crofters, Crofters' Sones, &c., and Fishermen-Crofters were separately tabulated only for the seven Counties to which the Crofters Acts applied.
9 See Note to No. 255.
10 Owners, Agents, Managers included with Miners, Quarriers, &c., in 1901.
11 In 1901, Nos. 147, 149, and 159 were included in the heading "Other Engine and Machine Makers".
12 Classified with "Other Engine and Machine Makers" in 1901. See Nos. 147 and 149.
13 No sub-heading "Other Iron Goods Makers" in 1901. Some of the occupations classified under this sub-heading in 1911 were entered under the heading "Other Metal Workers" in 1901.
14 Classified with "Masons" in 1901. See No. 208.
15 No heading "Mineral Oil Workers" in 1901. Some of these workers were classified as "Oil Millers, Oil Cake Millers" and others as "Coal and Shale Mine—Workers above Ground".
16 "Newspaper Publishers" and "Advertising, Billposting Agents" were classified with "Newspaper Agents" in 1901.
17 In 1901, Workers in Hemp, Jute, and Cocoa Fibre Manufacture were tabulated together, and Mat Makers separately.
18 In 1901, Workers in Thread Manufacture were classified with Workers in "Small Wares, etc., Manufacture." See No. 305.
19 The numbers for 1901 include persons returned as "Other Weavers of Mixed Cotton, Wool, etc.," "Other Workers of Mixed Cotton, Wool, etc.," "Weavers (undefined)," and "Factory Hands (Textile) undefined."
20 Classified with "Other Workers in Paper" in 1901. See No. 276.
21 Classified with "Newspaper Agents" in 1901. See No. 282.
22 Classified with "Other Workers in Sundry Industries" in 1901. See No. 384.
23 Not in Occupation Index in 1901.
24 Decrease partly due to better classification in 1911, from additional information in Census Schedule regarding Industry with which persons were connected.
25 The Old Age Pensions Act was not in force in 1901.