Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Cornwall RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	85,745
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	888
(1) Officers of National Government	491
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	38
Post Office	112
Inland Revenue	67
Customs	78
Government Messengers, Workmen	7
Dockyard Artificers	181
Other Govt.	8
(2) Officers of Local Government	390
Magistrate	53
Police	213
Prison Officer	15
Union and Parish Officer	88
Officer of Local Board	2
Other Local Officers	19
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	7
E. India and Col. Service	7
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	1,677
(1) Army	357
Army Officer	28
Army Half-pay Officer	25
Soldier	162
Chelsea Pensioner	114
Militia	25
Others	3
(2) Navy	1,320
Navy Officer	80
Navy Half-pay Officer	59
Seaman, R.N.	379
Royal Marine	8
Greenwich Pensioner	331
Others	463
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,667
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	596
Clergyman	305
Protestant Minister	189
Roman Catholic Priest	10
Other Relig. Teachers	21
Parish Clerk	24
Other Church Officers	47
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	262
Barrister	14
Solicitor	121
Law Student	1
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	27
Law Clerk	99
Law Stationer	0
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	311
Physician	20
Surgeon, Apothecary	173
Medical Student, Assist.	16
Dentist	7
Druggist	94
Others	1
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	17
Author, Editor, Writer	6
Ors. eng. in Literature	11
(5) Artists	47
Artist, Painter	19
Sculptor	3
Engraver	7
Photographic Artist	18
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	36
Musician	24
Music-master	12
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	3
Actor	2
In Theatres, Exhibitions	1
(8) Teachers	352
Schoolmaster	314
Teacher of Languages	7
Profes. of Mathematics	4
Teacher (General)	17
Teacher of Dancing	4
Other Teachers	6
(9) Scientific Persons	43
Civil Engineer	36
Other Scientific Persons	7
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	128
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	91
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	91
(4) Scholars (so described)	37
Scholar (so described)	37
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	1,474
(1) In Board and Lodging	768
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	542
Publican	130
Beerseller	53
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	21
Coffee-house Keeper	14
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	0
Others--Boarding, &c.	8
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	706
Domst. Serv. (General)	289
Coachman	70
Groom	123
Gardener	103
Inn Servant	94
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	16
Others	11
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	984
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	698
Merchant	122
Banker	28
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	8
Stock Broker, &c.	15
Ship Broker, Agent	18
Broker	7
Agent, Factor	67
Coal, Colliery Agent	3
Iron Merchant, Agent	5
Salesman	0
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	48
Accountant	125
Commercial Clerk	171
Commercial Traveller	69
Other Mercantile Men	12
(2) Other General Dealers	286
Pawnbroker	3
Marine-store Dealer	112
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	19
Shopkeeper	51
Hawker, Pedlar	99
Other General Dealers	2
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	5,517
(1) Carriers on Railways	250
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	37
Railway Official	55
Railway Servant	137
Railway Police	14
Ors. eng. in	7
(2) Carriers on Roads	585
Toll Collector	26
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	21
Livery Staple Keeper	9
Coachman (not domstc.)	100
Cabman, Flyman	9
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	420
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	355
Canal and River Service	9
Bargeman, Waterman	346
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	4,102
Shipowner	37
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	3,498
Pilot	200
Boatman on Seas	108
Dock Servant, Labourer	196
Wharfinger	25
Others	38
(5) Engaged in Storage	41
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	26
Others in Storage	15
(6) Messengers and Porters	184
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	178
Telegraph Service	6
Others in Messages	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	23,628
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	22,612
Land Proprietor	286
Farmer, Grazier	7,747
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	1,784
Farm Bailiff	166
Agricultural Labourer	11,241
Shepherd (out-door)	75
Farm Servant (in-door)	1,235
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	59
Others in Agriculture	19
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	144
Woodman	144
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	872
Gardener	850
Nurseryman	22
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	2,241
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	2,241
Horse Dealer	3
Horsebreaker	28
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	212
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	42
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	49
Drover	12
Pig Merchant, Dealer	6
Gamekeeper	57
Vermin Destroyer	6
Fisherman	1,812
Others about Animals	14
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	8,199
(1) In Books	206
Bookseller, Publisher	57
Bookbinder	11
Printer	133
Newspaper Agent	3
Others in Publications	2
(2) In Musical Instrument	8
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	5
Others	3
(3) In Prints and Pictures	1
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	1
Others	0
(4) In Carving and Figures	14
Wood-carver	1
Others	13
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	5
Toy Maker, Dealer	5
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	0
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	6
Pattern Designer	4
Others	2
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	143
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	137
Optician	4
Weight or Measure Mkr.	0
Others	2
(8) In Surgical Instruments	0
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	0
Others	0
(9) In Arms	58
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	3
Others	55
(10) In Machines	446
Eng. and Mach. Maker	407
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	1
File-maker	1
Saw Smith, Maker	0
Cutler	24
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	2
Others in Tools, Mchns.	11
(11) In Carriages	88
Coachmaker	88
Others	0
(12) In Harness	181
Saddler, Harness-maker	179
Whip-maker	2
(13) In Ships	722
Shipbldr., Shipwright	592
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	15
Boat, Barge,--Builder	25
Sailmaker	83
Others	7
(14) In Houses and Buildings	5,722
House Proprietor	119
House Agent	4
Architect	9
Surveyor	12
Builder	204
Carpenter, Joiner	2,522
Bricklayer	10
Marble Mason	26
Mason, Pavior	2,460
Slater, Tiler	1
Plasterer	48
Paperhanger	2
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	304
Others	1
(15) In Furniture	248
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	224
Undertaker	1
Chair-maker	10
Picture-frame Maker	0
Carver, Gilder	5
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	0
Furniture Broker	8
Others	0
(16) In Implements	296
Wheelwright	233
Millwright	61
Other Implement Mkrs.	2
(17) In Chemicals	55
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	20
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	0
Dyer, Calenderer	13
Others	22
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	4,561
(1) In Wool and Worsted	129
Woolstapler	29
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	70
Clothier	4
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	1
Worsted manufacture	24
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	0
Others	1
(2) In Silk	3
Silk manufacture	0
Silk Dyer, Printer	0
Silk Mercer	2
Ribbon manufacture	1
Others	0
(3) In Cotton and Flax	4
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	3
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	0
Cotton manufacture	1
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	0
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	513
Packer and Presser	0
Weaver (undefined)	1
Manchester Warehmn.	2
Draper, Mercer	510
Others	0
(5) In Dress	3,704
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	92
Hatter, Hat manuf.	63
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	1
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	1
Tailor	935
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	14
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	0
Hosier, Haberdasher	0
Glover, Leather, &c.	4
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	2,586
Patten, Clog,--Maker	3
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	3
Others providing Dress	2
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	208
Mat Maker, Seller	5
Rope, Cord,--Maker	202
Canvas Maker, Dealer	1
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	0
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	3,046
(1) In Animal Food	838
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	99
Cheesemonger	4
Butcher, Meat Salesman	628
Provision Curer, Dealer	10
Poulterer, Game Dealer	6
Fishmonger	85
Others	6
(2) In Vegetable Food	1,127
Corn Merchant, Dealer	31
Miller	733
Flour Dealer, Agent	17
Baker	209
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	47
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	41
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	3
Potato Merchant	29
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	10
Sugar Refiner	4
Others	3
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	1,081
Maltster	100
Brewer, &c.	77
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	53
Distiller, Rectifier	0
Cellarman	9
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	3
Grocer, Tea Dealer	823
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	1
Tobacconist	4
Others	11
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	374
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	65
Soap-boiler	0
Tallow-chandler	30
Comb-maker	1
Others	34
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	294
Fellmonger	12
Skinner	0
Tanner	154
Currier	125
Others	3
(3) In Hair	15
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	15
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	1,054
(1) In Gums and Resins	12
Oil Miller, Refiner	0
Oil and Colourman	1
French-polisher	11
Japanner	0
Others	0
(2) In Wood	826
Timber Merch., Dealer	42
Wood Dealer	6
Sawyer	526
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	19
Turner	26
Box-maker	0
Cooper	196
Hoop Maker, Bender	2
Others	9
(3) In Bark	3
Cork Cutter, manuf.	3
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	171
Basket-maker	83
Hay and Straw Dealer	1
Thatcher	86
Others	1
(5) In Paper	42
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	15
Paper manufacture	9
Stationer (not Law)	13
Paper-stainer	0
Others Workers in Paper	5
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	26,882
(1) In Mining	21,074
Coal-miner	4
Copper-miner	8,919
Tin-miner	8,920
Lead-miner	1,184
Iron-miner	183
Others	1,864
(2) In Coal	280
Coal Merchant, Dealer	69
Coalheaver, Labourer	169
Coke Burner, Dealer	1
Chimney Sweeper	14
Gas Works Service	26
Other Workers in Coal	1
(3) In Stone, Clay	2,277
Stone Quarrier	174
Stone Cutter, Polisher	78
Slate Quarrier	456
Limestone Quar., Burner	66
Clay Labourer	805
Brick Maker, Dealer	33
Railway Labourer	232
Platelayer	33
Excavator, Navvy	69
Road Contractor, &c.	24
Road Labourer	255
Scavenger	13
Dust Collector	0
Others	39
(4) In Earthenware	54
Earthenware manuf.	17
Tobacco-pipe Makers	9
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	26
Others	2
(5) In Glass	1
Glass manufacture	1
Other Workers in Glass	0
(6) In Salt	1
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	1
(7) In Water	4
Waterworks Service	2
Others	2
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	70
Goldsmith, Jeweller	32
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	38
(9) In Copper	64
Copper manufacture	50
Coppersmith	2
Others	12
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	584
Tin manufacture	482
Tinman, Tinker	53
Tinplate Worker	44
Others	5
(11) In Zinc	0
Zinc manufacture	0
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	65
Lead manufacture	65
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	68
Brass Founder, manuf.	26
Brazier	3
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1
Gasfitter	13
Wire Maker, Drawer	3
Wire Worker, Weaver	15
Others	7
(14) In Iron and Steel	2,340
Iron manufacture	258
Whitesmith	22
Blacksmith	1,880
Nail manufacture	2
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	7
Boiler-maker	74
Ironmonger	85
Hardwareman, Dealer	5
Steel manufacture	1
Grinder (branch undef.)	3
Others	3
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	2,389
(1) General Labourers	2,111
Labourer	2,111
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	278
Mechanic	102
Shopman	3
Apprentice	3
Others of indef. occu.	170
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	255
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	255
Gentleman	118
Annuitant	137
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	306
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	298
Dependent on Relatives	46
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	16
Pauper, no stated occ.	157
Lunatic, no stated occ.	17
Others	62
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	8
Vagrant, Beggar	7
Gipsy	1
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	475
Visitor, no stated occ.	24
Others of no stated occupation or condition	451

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.