Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Cambridgeshire RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	46,198
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	455
(1) Officers of National Government	137
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	5
Post Office	89
Inland Revenue	35
Customs	7
Government Messengers, Workmen	0
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	1
(2) Officers of Local Government	318
Magistrate	21
Police	189
Prison Officer	17
Union and Parish Officer	75
Officer of Local Board	1
Other Local Officers	15
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	0
E. India and Col. Service	0
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	179
(1) Army	151
Army Officer	7
Army Half-pay Officer	2
Soldier	32
Chelsea Pensioner	99
Militia	7
Others	4
(2) Navy	28
Navy Officer	3
Navy Half-pay Officer	2
Seaman, R.N.	4
Royal Marine	1
Greenwich Pensioner	16
Others	2
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,448
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	488
Clergyman	310
Protestant Minister	92
Roman Catholic Priest	2
Other Relig. Teachers	6
Parish Clerk	45
Other Church Officers	33
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	201
Barrister	14
Solicitor	82
Law Student	4
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	15
Law Clerk	83
Law Stationer	3
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	210
Physician	10
Surgeon, Apothecary	100
Medical Student, Assist.	15
Dentist	4
Druggist	80
Others	1
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	130
Author, Editor, Writer	11
Ors. eng. in Literature	119
(5) Artists	28
Artist, Painter	12
Sculptor	0
Engraver	4
Photographic Artist	12
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	66
Musician	49
Music-master	17
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	45
Actor	2
In Theatres, Exhibitions	43
(8) Teachers	247
Schoolmaster	157
Teacher of Languages	5
Profes. of Mathematics	9
Teacher (General)	30
Teacher of Dancing	4
Other Teachers	42
(9) Scientific Persons	33
Civil Engineer	16
Other Scientific Persons	17
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	577
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	170
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	170
(4) Scholars (so described)	407
Scholar (so described)	407
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	1,841
(1) In Board and Lodging	875
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	227
Publican	524
Beerseller	83
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	9
Coffee-house Keeper	7
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	21
Others--Boarding, &c.	4
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	966
Domst. Serv. (General)	358
Coachman	56
Groom	210
Gardener	100
Inn Servant	63
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	14
Others	165
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	500
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	263
Merchant	24
Banker	18
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	3
Stock Broker, &c.	2
Ship Broker, Agent	0
Broker	1
Agent, Factor	23
Coal, Colliery Agent	2
Iron Merchant, Agent	0
Salesman	4
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	39
Accountant	23
Commercial Clerk	86
Commercial Traveller	33
Other Mercantile Men	5
(2) Other General Dealers	237
Pawnbroker	3
Marine-store Dealer	52
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	62
Shopkeeper	42
Hawker, Pedlar	76
Other General Dealers	2
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,187
(1) Carriers on Railways	375
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	49
Railway Official	72
Railway Servant	252
Railway Police	1
Ors. eng. in	1
(2) Carriers on Roads	348
Toll Collector	42
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	3
Livery Staple Keeper	7
Coachman (not domstc.)	38
Cabman, Flyman	18
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	240
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	174
Canal and River Service	10
Bargeman, Waterman	164
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	123
Shipowner	2
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	113
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	5
Dock Servant, Labourer	1
Wharfinger	2
Others	0
(5) Engaged in Storage	22
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	14
Others in Storage	8
(6) Messengers and Porters	145
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	136
Telegraph Service	8
Others in Messages	1
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	23,592
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	22,800
Land Proprietor	194
Farmer, Grazier	3,446
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	680
Farm Bailiff	334
Agricultural Labourer	17,324
Shepherd (out-door)	570
Farm Servant (in-door)	165
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	26
Others in Agriculture	61
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	33
Woodman	32
Others in Arboriculture	1
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	759
Gardener	744
Nurseryman	15
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	935
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	935
Horse Dealer	16
Horsebreaker	22
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	519
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	72
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	74
Drover	28
Pig Merchant, Dealer	41
Gamekeeper	89
Vermin Destroyer	36
Fisherman	20
Others about Animals	18
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	3,858
(1) In Books	256
Bookseller, Publisher	43
Bookbinder	34
Printer	156
Newspaper Agent	9
Others in Publications	14
(2) In Musical Instrument	7
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	6
Others	1
(3) In Prints and Pictures	7
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	2
Others	5
(4) In Carving and Figures	14
Wood-carver	9
Others	5
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	4
Toy Maker, Dealer	3
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	1
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	0
Pattern Designer	0
Others	0
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	75
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	72
Optician	0
Weight or Measure Mkr.	3
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	0
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	0
Others	0
(9) In Arms	14
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	14
Others	0
(10) In Machines	121
Eng. and Mach. Maker	102
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	1
File-maker	0
Saw Smith, Maker	2
Cutler	13
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	2
Others in Tools, Mchns.	1
(11) In Carriages	88
Coachmaker	88
Others	0
(12) In Harness	141
Saddler, Harness-maker	140
Whip-maker	1
(13) In Ships	66
Shipbldr., Shipwright	21
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	40
Sailmaker	4
Others	1
(14) In Houses and Buildings	2,468
House Proprietor	76
House Agent	1
Architect	11
Surveyor	22
Builder	122
Carpenter, Joiner	1,013
Bricklayer	724
Marble Mason	1
Mason, Pavior	88
Slater, Tiler	9
Plasterer	26
Paperhanger	6
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	369
Others	0
(15) In Furniture	208
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	163
Undertaker	3
Chair-maker	8
Picture-frame Maker	3
Carver, Gilder	15
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	0
Furniture Broker	16
Others	0
(16) In Implements	372
Wheelwright	319
Millwright	49
Other Implement Mkrs.	4
(17) In Chemicals	17
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	1
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	0
Dyer, Calenderer	16
Others	0
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	2,749
(1) In Wool and Worsted	11
Woolstapler	2
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	3
Clothier	5
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	0
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	1
Others	0
(2) In Silk	2
Silk manufacture	1
Silk Dyer, Printer	0
Silk Mercer	1
Ribbon manufacture	0
Others	0
(3) In Cotton and Flax	5
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	3
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	0
Cotton manufacture	2
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	0
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	249
Packer and Presser	1
Weaver (undefined)	2
Manchester Warehmn.	2
Draper, Mercer	244
Others	0
(5) In Dress	2,432
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	75
Hatter, Hat manuf.	16
Straw Plait manuf.	2
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	0
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	1
Tailor	874
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	11
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	0
Hosier, Haberdasher	15
Glover, Leather, &c.	9
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	1,408
Patten, Clog,--Maker	3
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	5
Others providing Dress	13
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	50
Mat Maker, Seller	12
Rope, Cord,--Maker	36
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	2
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	2,800
(1) In Animal Food	670
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	72
Cheesemonger	9
Butcher, Meat Salesman	485
Provision Curer, Dealer	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	34
Fishmonger	68
Others	0
(2) In Vegetable Food	1,151
Corn Merchant, Dealer	159
Miller	443
Flour Dealer, Agent	18
Baker	401
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	48
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	49
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	7
Potato Merchant	13
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	7
Sugar Refiner	2
Others	4
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	979
Maltster	83
Brewer, &c.	268
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	45
Distiller, Rectifier	0
Cellarman	8
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	7
Grocer, Tea Dealer	533
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	7
Tobacconist	22
Others	6
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	167
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	32
Soap-boiler	0
Tallow-chandler	18
Comb-maker	1
Others	13
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	125
Fellmonger	23
Skinner	16
Tanner	8
Currier	48
Others	30
(3) In Hair	10
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	10
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	658
(1) In Gums and Resins	16
Oil Miller, Refiner	0
Oil and Colourman	5
French-polisher	11
Japanner	0
Others	0
(2) In Wood	301
Timber Merch., Dealer	26
Wood Dealer	8
Sawyer	155
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	8
Lath-maker	23
Turner	11
Box-maker	3
Cooper	61
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	6
(3) In Bark	5
Cork Cutter, manuf.	5
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	247
Basket-maker	80
Hay and Straw Dealer	8
Thatcher	153
Others	6
(5) In Paper	89
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	7
Paper manufacture	76
Stationer (not Law)	4
Paper-stainer	0
Others Workers in Paper	2
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	2,012
(1) In Mining	3
Coal-miner	0
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	0
Others	3
(2) In Coal	285
Coal Merchant, Dealer	87
Coalheaver, Labourer	66
Coke Burner, Dealer	0
Chimney Sweeper	47
Gas Works Service	37
Other Workers in Coal	48
(3) In Stone, Clay	710
Stone Quarrier	0
Stone Cutter, Polisher	0
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	18
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	259
Railway Labourer	85
Platelayer	67
Excavator, Navvy	36
Road Contractor, &c.	4
Road Labourer	107
Scavenger	11
Dust Collector	2
Others	121
(4) In Earthenware	41
Earthenware manuf.	16
Tobacco-pipe Makers	7
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	18
Others	0
(5) In Glass	3
Glass manufacture	3
Other Workers in Glass	0
(6) In Salt	0
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	0
(7) In Water	7
Waterworks Service	7
Others	0
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	25
Goldsmith, Jeweller	24
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	1
(9) In Copper	3
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	3
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	59
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	44
Tinplate Worker	15
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	0
Zinc manufacture	0
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	0
Lead manufacture	0
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	38
Brass Founder, manuf.	1
Brazier	18
Locksmith, Bellhanger	0
Gasfitter	17
Wire Maker, Drawer	0
Wire Worker, Weaver	2
Others	0
(14) In Iron and Steel	838
Iron manufacture	48
Whitesmith	69
Blacksmith	648
Nail manufacture	1
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	1
Ironmonger	63
Hardwareman, Dealer	7
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	1
Others	0
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	2,403
(1) General Labourers	2,306
Labourer	2,306
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	97
Mechanic	11
Shopman	11
Apprentice	3
Others of indef. occu.	72
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	146
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	146
Gentleman	96
Annuitant	50
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	326
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	320
Dependent on Relatives	39
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	9
Pauper, no stated occ.	229
Lunatic, no stated occ.	5
Others	38
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	1
Prisoner, no stated occ.	1
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	5
Vagrant, Beggar	2
Gipsy	3
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	365
Visitor, no stated occ.	32
Others of no stated occupation or condition	333

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.