Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show Kent RegC table	Greenwich RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	36,712
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	2,710
(1) Officers of National Government	2,364
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	277
Post Office	59
Inland Revenue	29
Customs	56
Government Messengers, Workmen	167
Dockyard Artificers	1,771
Other Govt.	5
(2) Officers of Local Government	330
Magistrate	0
Police	247
Prison Officer	5
Union and Parish Officer	59
Officer of Local Board	3
Other Local Officers	16
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	16
E. India and Col. Service	16
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	7,591
(1) Army	4,323
Army Officer	218
Army Half-pay Officer	28
Soldier	3,836
Chelsea Pensioner	230
Militia	3
Others	8
(2) Navy	3,268
Navy Officer	120
Navy Half-pay Officer	26
Seaman, R.N.	386
Royal Marine	1,031
Greenwich Pensioner	1,679
Others	26
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	863
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	115
Clergyman	47
Protestant Minister	26
Roman Catholic Priest	6
Other Relig. Teachers	29
Parish Clerk	4
Other Church Officers	3
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	166
Barrister	9
Solicitor	78
Law Student	2
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	5
Law Clerk	67
Law Stationer	5
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	194
Physician	8
Surgeon, Apothecary	78
Medical Student, Assist.	16
Dentist	5
Druggist	83
Others	4
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	14
Author, Editor, Writer	7
Ors. eng. in Literature	7
(5) Artists	61
Artist, Painter	22
Sculptor	2
Engraver	16
Photographic Artist	19
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	2
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	64
Musician	45
Music-master	18
Others	1
(7) Actors, Actresses	19
Actor	6
In Theatres, Exhibitions	13
(8) Teachers	176
Schoolmaster	103
Teacher of Languages	21
Profes. of Mathematics	14
Teacher (General)	24
Teacher of Dancing	5
Other Teachers	9
(9) Scientific Persons	54
Civil Engineer	37
Other Scientific Persons	17
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	113
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	92
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	92
(4) Scholars (so described)	21
Scholar (so described)	21
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	1,007
(1) In Board and Lodging	459
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	10
Publican	247
Beerseller	110
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	7
Coffee-house Keeper	46
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	20
Others--Boarding, &c.	19
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	548
Domst. Serv. (General)	152
Coachman	35
Groom	16
Gardener	41
Inn Servant	225
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	72
Others	7
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	1,055
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	753
Merchant	85
Banker	1
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	32
Stock Broker, &c.	20
Ship Broker, Agent	49
Broker	36
Agent, Factor	56
Coal, Colliery Agent	0
Iron Merchant, Agent	1
Salesman	8
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	30
Accountant	53
Commercial Clerk	317
Commercial Traveller	47
Other Mercantile Men	18
(2) Other General Dealers	302
Pawnbroker	46
Marine-store Dealer	28
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	156
Shopkeeper	22
Hawker, Pedlar	44
Other General Dealers	6
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	3,498
(1) Carriers on Railways	346
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	127
Railway Official	65
Railway Servant	149
Railway Police	2
Ors. eng. in	3
(2) Carriers on Roads	521
Toll Collector	11
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	28
Livery Staple Keeper	5
Coachman (not domstc.)	107
Cabman, Flyman	38
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	329
Others	3
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	739
Canal and River Service	6
Bargeman, Waterman	733
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	1,698
Shipowner	16
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	1,108
Pilot	33
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	393
Wharfinger	24
Others	124
(5) Engaged in Storage	64
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	35
Others in Storage	29
(6) Messengers and Porters	130
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	103
Telegraph Service	26
Others in Messages	1
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	850
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	420
Land Proprietor	29
Farmer, Grazier	20
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	3
Farm Bailiff	0
Agricultural Labourer	354
Shepherd (out-door)	5
Farm Servant (in-door)	1
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	8
Others in Agriculture	0
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	0
Woodman	0
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	430
Gardener	423
Nurseryman	7
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	334
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	334
Horse Dealer	6
Horsebreaker	0
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	98
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	38
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	5
Drover	8
Pig Merchant, Dealer	0
Gamekeeper	0
Vermin Destroyer	0
Fisherman	177
Others about Animals	2
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	6,196
(1) In Books	164
Bookseller, Publisher	39
Bookbinder	14
Printer	86
Newspaper Agent	21
Others in Publications	4
(2) In Musical Instrument	13
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	8
Others	5
(3) In Prints and Pictures	8
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	5
Others	3
(4) In Carving and Figures	8
Wood-carver	1
Others	7
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	28
Toy Maker, Dealer	13
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	15
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	44
Pattern Designer	29
Others	15
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	78
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	62
Optician	7
Weight or Measure Mkr.	0
Others	9
(8) In Surgical Instruments	3
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	3
Others	0
(9) In Arms	25
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	24
Others	1
(10) In Machines	1,098
Eng. and Mach. Maker	1,057
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	7
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	4
File-maker	1
Saw Smith, Maker	13
Cutler	12
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	4
(11) In Carriages	98
Coachmaker	95
Others	3
(12) In Harness	67
Saddler, Harness-maker	64
Whip-maker	3
(13) In Ships	1,156
Shipbldr., Shipwright	1,013
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	13
Boat, Barge,--Builder	42
Sailmaker	55
Others	33
(14) In Houses and Buildings	2,830
House Proprietor	89
House Agent	22
Architect	28
Surveyor	26
Builder	100
Carpenter, Joiner	984
Bricklayer	770
Marble Mason	2
Mason, Pavior	124
Slater, Tiler	10
Plasterer	102
Paperhanger	16
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	547
Others	10
(15) In Furniture	212
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	117
Undertaker	28
Chair-maker	8
Picture-frame Maker	1
Carver, Gilder	17
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	3
Furniture Broker	35
Others	3
(16) In Implements	242
Wheelwright	165
Millwright	77
Other Implement Mkrs.	0
(17) In Chemicals	122
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	86
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	1
Dyer, Calenderer	24
Others	11
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	2,138
(1) In Wool and Worsted	43
Woolstapler	5
Felt manufacture	1
Woollen Cloth manuf.	6
Clothier	17
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	1
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	1
Others	12
(2) In Silk	30
Silk manufacture	11
Silk Dyer, Printer	1
Silk Mercer	5
Ribbon manufacture	3
Others	10
(3) In Cotton and Flax	14
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	2
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	7
Cotton manufacture	2
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	1
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	1
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	1
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	266
Packer and Presser	2
Weaver (undefined)	3
Manchester Warehmn.	16
Draper, Mercer	239
Others	6
(5) In Dress	1,725
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	75
Hatter, Hat manuf.	38
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	4
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	3
Tailor	570
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	31
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	0
Hosier, Haberdasher	20
Glover, Leather, &c.	3
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	941
Patten, Clog,--Maker	1
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	8
Others providing Dress	31
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	60
Mat Maker, Seller	0
Rope, Cord,--Maker	39
Canvas Maker, Dealer	1
Sailcloth manufacture	2
Others	18
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,953
(1) In Animal Food	585
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	128
Cheesemonger	59
Butcher, Meat Salesman	286
Provision Curer, Dealer	19
Poulterer, Game Dealer	7
Fishmonger	83
Others	3
(2) In Vegetable Food	831
Corn Merchant, Dealer	65
Miller	68
Flour Dealer, Agent	3
Baker	434
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	68
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	171
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	3
Potato Merchant	6
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	5
Sugar Refiner	1
Others	7
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	537
Maltster	10
Brewer, &c.	67
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	45
Distiller, Rectifier	12
Cellarman	8
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	5
Grocer, Tea Dealer	325
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	1
Tobacconist	39
Others	25
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	153
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	95
Soap-boiler	35
Tallow-chandler	28
Comb-maker	4
Others	28
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	43
Fellmonger	1
Skinner	0
Tanner	8
Currier	27
Others	7
(3) In Hair	15
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	1
Brush, Broom,--Maker	14
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	876
(1) In Gums and Resins	74
Oil Miller, Refiner	4
Oil and Colourman	41
French-polisher	17
Japanner	0
Others	12
(2) In Wood	672
Timber Merch., Dealer	78
Wood Dealer	72
Sawyer	286
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	8
Turner	36
Box-maker	3
Cooper	160
Hoop Maker, Bender	1
Others	28
(3) In Bark	7
Cork Cutter, manuf.	6
Others Workers in Bark	1
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	60
Basket-maker	45
Hay and Straw Dealer	5
Thatcher	1
Others	9
(5) In Paper	63
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	8
Paper manufacture	3
Stationer (not Law)	43
Paper-stainer	1
Others Workers in Paper	8
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	2,986
(1) In Mining	16
Coal-miner	7
Copper-miner	1
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	0
Others	8
(2) In Coal	315
Coal Merchant, Dealer	68
Coalheaver, Labourer	139
Coke Burner, Dealer	9
Chimney Sweeper	23
Gas Works Service	66
Other Workers in Coal	10
(3) In Stone, Clay	446
Stone Quarrier	0
Stone Cutter, Polisher	12
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	6
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	78
Railway Labourer	57
Platelayer	15
Excavator, Navvy	124
Road Contractor, &c.	6
Road Labourer	32
Scavenger	1
Dust Collector	10
Others	105
(4) In Earthenware	77
Earthenware manuf.	22
Tobacco-pipe Makers	35
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	19
Others	1
(5) In Glass	6
Glass manufacture	3
Other Workers in Glass	3
(6) In Salt	2
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	2
(7) In Water	23
Waterworks Service	20
Others	3
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	44
Goldsmith, Jeweller	24
Plater, Plated Wareman	3
Others	17
(9) In Copper	83
Copper manufacture	1
Coppersmith	82
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	57
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	45
Tinplate Worker	11
Others	1
(11) In Zinc	17
Zinc manufacture	17
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	4
Lead manufacture	1
Typefounder	2
Others	1
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	264
Brass Founder, manuf.	142
Brazier	4
Locksmith, Bellhanger	9
Gasfitter	46
Wire Maker, Drawer	8
Wire Worker, Weaver	36
Others	19
(14) In Iron and Steel	1,632
Iron manufacture	200
Whitesmith	43
Blacksmith	852
Nail manufacture	5
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	2
Boiler-maker	459
Ironmonger	48
Hardwareman, Dealer	2
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	0
Others	21
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	3,780
(1) General Labourers	3,339
Labourer	3,339
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	441
Mechanic	10
Shopman	11
Apprentice	1
Others of indef. occu.	419
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	159
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	159
Gentleman	46
Annuitant	113
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	88
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	84
Dependent on Relatives	6
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	12
Pauper, no stated occ.	26
Lunatic, no stated occ.	1
Others	39
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	4
Vagrant, Beggar	4
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	362
Visitor, no stated occ.	22
Others of no stated occupation or condition	340

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.