Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show Staffordshire RegC table	Wolverhampton RegD

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	33,831
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	217
(1) Officers of National Government	63
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	2
Post Office	37
Inland Revenue	23
Customs	0
Government Messengers, Workmen	0
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	1
(2) Officers of Local Government	153
Magistrate	6
Police	101
Prison Officer	0
Union and Parish Officer	30
Officer of Local Board	3
Other Local Officers	13
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	1
E. India and Col. Service	1
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	59
(1) Army	49
Army Officer	3
Army Half-pay Officer	5
Soldier	16
Chelsea Pensioner	24
Militia	1
Others	0
(2) Navy	10
Navy Officer	1
Navy Half-pay Officer	0
Seaman, R.N.	1
Royal Marine	3
Greenwich Pensioner	5
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	588
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	112
Clergyman	51
Protestant Minister	28
Roman Catholic Priest	8
Other Relig. Teachers	11
Parish Clerk	5
Other Church Officers	9
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	108
Barrister	5
Solicitor	49
Law Student	0
Other Lawyers	1
Officers of Law Court	8
Law Clerk	41
Law Stationer	4
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	167
Physician	9
Surgeon, Apothecary	47
Medical Student, Assist.	10
Dentist	2
Druggist	89
Others	10
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	13
Author, Editor, Writer	10
Ors. eng. in Literature	3
(5) Artists	27
Artist, Painter	15
Sculptor	1
Engraver	5
Photographic Artist	6
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	45
Musician	38
Music-master	7
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	16
Actor	12
In Theatres, Exhibitions	4
(8) Teachers	87
Schoolmaster	74
Teacher of Languages	2
Profes. of Mathematics	2
Teacher (General)	7
Teacher of Dancing	2
Other Teachers	0
(9) Scientific Persons	13
Civil Engineer	10
Other Scientific Persons	3
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	46
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	41
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	41
(4) Scholars (so described)	5
Scholar (so described)	5
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	898
(1) In Board and Lodging	524
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	50
Publican	397
Beerseller	62
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	10
Coffee-house Keeper	2
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	0
Others--Boarding, &c.	3
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	374
Domst. Serv. (General)	119
Coachman	33
Groom	77
Gardener	91
Inn Servant	54
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	0
Others	0
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	753
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	581
Merchant	31
Banker	8
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	19
Stock Broker, &c.	1
Ship Broker, Agent	0
Broker	12
Agent, Factor	109
Coal, Colliery Agent	17
Iron Merchant, Agent	54
Salesman	2
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	24
Accountant	29
Commercial Clerk	228
Commercial Traveller	42
Other Mercantile Men	5
(2) Other General Dealers	172
Pawnbroker	26
Marine-store Dealer	27
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	36
Shopkeeper	13
Hawker, Pedlar	70
Other General Dealers	0
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,509
(1) Carriers on Railways	406
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	55
Railway Official	98
Railway Servant	247
Railway Police	4
Ors. eng. in	2
(2) Carriers on Roads	451
Toll Collector	14
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	6
Livery Staple Keeper	0
Coachman (not domstc.)	30
Cabman, Flyman	17
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	384
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	409
Canal and River Service	139
Bargeman, Waterman	269
Others	1
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	20
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	5
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	11
Wharfinger	4
Others	0
(5) Engaged in Storage	89
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	47
Others in Storage	42
(6) Messengers and Porters	134
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	132
Telegraph Service	2
Others in Messages	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	2,543
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	2,301
Land Proprietor	28
Farmer, Grazier	248
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	43
Farm Bailiff	49
Agricultural Labourer	1,758
Shepherd (out-door)	41
Farm Servant (in-door)	105
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	21
Others in Agriculture	8
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	12
Woodman	12
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	230
Gardener	222
Nurseryman	8
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	299
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	299
Horse Dealer	10
Horsebreaker	8
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	165
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	24
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	16
Drover	14
Pig Merchant, Dealer	7
Gamekeeper	41
Vermin Destroyer	5
Fisherman	1
Others about Animals	8
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	3,870
(1) In Books	112
Bookseller, Publisher	17
Bookbinder	9
Printer	74
Newspaper Agent	8
Others in Publications	4
(2) In Musical Instrument	9
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	2
Others	7
(3) In Prints and Pictures	14
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	2
Others	12
(4) In Carving and Figures	5
Wood-carver	2
Others	3
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	28
Toy Maker, Dealer	27
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	1
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	10
Pattern Designer	0
Others	10
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	122
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	49
Optician	58
Weight or Measure Mkr.	15
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	1
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	0
Others	1
(9) In Arms	106
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	105
Others	1
(10) In Machines	980
Eng. and Mach. Maker	452
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	1
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	206
File-maker	90
Saw Smith, Maker	5
Cutler	7
Blade Maker, Forger	1
Knife-maker	1
Razor-maker	1
Others in Tools, Mchns.	216
(11) In Carriages	76
Coachmaker	70
Others	6
(12) In Harness	56
Saddler, Harness-maker	56
Whip-maker	0
(13) In Ships	41
Shipbldr., Shipwright	1
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	37
Sailmaker	3
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	1,882
House Proprietor	52
House Agent	14
Architect	10
Surveyor	6
Builder	71
Carpenter, Joiner	510
Bricklayer	623
Marble Mason	3
Mason, Pavior	156
Slater, Tiler	23
Plasterer	78
Paperhanger	8
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	328
Others	0
(15) In Furniture	192
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	105
Undertaker	1
Chair-maker	6
Picture-frame Maker	2
Carver, Gilder	11
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	24
Furniture Broker	43
Others	0
(16) In Implements	202
Wheelwright	152
Millwright	33
Other Implement Mkrs.	17
(17) In Chemicals	34
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	28
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	2
Dyer, Calenderer	4
Others	0
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	1,688
(1) In Wool and Worsted	16
Woolstapler	4
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	0
Clothier	7
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	0
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	1
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	4
Others	0
(2) In Silk	5
Silk manufacture	0
Silk Dyer, Printer	3
Silk Mercer	1
Ribbon manufacture	1
Others	0
(3) In Cotton and Flax	12
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	5
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	0
Cotton manufacture	4
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	3
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	148
Packer and Presser	1
Weaver (undefined)	3
Manchester Warehmn.	0
Draper, Mercer	144
Others	0
(5) In Dress	1,457
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	73
Hatter, Hat manuf.	24
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	0
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	0
Tailor	404
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	15
Button-maker	1
Hose manufacture	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	26
Glover, Leather, &c.	0
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	869
Patten, Clog,--Maker	10
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	6
Others providing Dress	28
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	50
Mat Maker, Seller	1
Rope, Cord,--Maker	40
Canvas Maker, Dealer	1
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	8
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,692
(1) In Animal Food	523
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	54
Cheesemonger	5
Butcher, Meat Salesman	364
Provision Curer, Dealer	60
Poulterer, Game Dealer	12
Fishmonger	28
Others	0
(2) In Vegetable Food	435
Corn Merchant, Dealer	18
Miller	104
Flour Dealer, Agent	8
Baker	168
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	39
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	84
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	0
Potato Merchant	6
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	2
Sugar Refiner	2
Others	4
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	734
Maltster	95
Brewer, &c.	161
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	56
Distiller, Rectifier	2
Cellarman	10
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	4
Grocer, Tea Dealer	371
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	0
Tobacconist	21
Others	14
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	106
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	29
Soap-boiler	1
Tallow-chandler	12
Comb-maker	0
Others	16
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	48
Fellmonger	6
Skinner	0
Tanner	3
Currier	34
Others	5
(3) In Hair	29
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	29
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	758
(1) In Gums and Resins	293
Oil Miller, Refiner	0
Oil and Colourman	1
French-polisher	12
Japanner	272
Others	8
(2) In Wood	387
Timber Merch., Dealer	48
Wood Dealer	8
Sawyer	147
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	3
Lath-maker	11
Turner	46
Box-maker	5
Cooper	98
Hoop Maker, Bender	3
Others	18
(3) In Bark	3
Cork Cutter, manuf.	3
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	42
Basket-maker	28
Hay and Straw Dealer	12
Thatcher	0
Others	2
(5) In Paper	33
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	11
Paper manufacture	2
Stationer (not Law)	6
Paper-stainer	0
Others Workers in Paper	14
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	16,488
(1) In Mining	4,656
Coal-miner	3,808
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	1
Iron-miner	620
Others	227
(2) In Coal	464
Coal Merchant, Dealer	116
Coalheaver, Labourer	248
Coke Burner, Dealer	26
Chimney Sweeper	17
Gas Works Service	40
Other Workers in Coal	17
(3) In Stone, Clay	866
Stone Quarrier	510
Stone Cutter, Polisher	6
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	10
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	152
Railway Labourer	70
Platelayer	30
Excavator, Navvy	8
Road Contractor, &c.	7
Road Labourer	59
Scavenger	7
Dust Collector	2
Others	5
(4) In Earthenware	45
Earthenware manuf.	18
Tobacco-pipe Makers	7
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	20
Others	0
(5) In Glass	10
Glass manufacture	9
Other Workers in Glass	1
(6) In Salt	3
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	3
(7) In Water	24
Waterworks Service	11
Others	13
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	19
Goldsmith, Jeweller	10
Plater, Plated Wareman	8
Others	1
(9) In Copper	8
Copper manufacture	1
Coppersmith	7
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	624
Tin manufacture	51
Tinman, Tinker	145
Tinplate Worker	373
Others	55
(11) In Zinc	4
Zinc manufacture	4
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	0
Lead manufacture	0
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	2,949
Brass Founder, manuf.	388
Brazier	11
Locksmith, Bellhanger	2,293
Gasfitter	47
Wire Maker, Drawer	21
Wire Worker, Weaver	9
Others	180
(14) In Iron and Steel	6,816
Iron manufacture	3,903
Whitesmith	101
Blacksmith	874
Nail manufacture	181
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	57
Boiler-maker	110
Ironmonger	51
Hardwareman, Dealer	67
Steel manufacture	13
Grinder (branch undef.)	15
Others	1,444
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	1,855
(1) General Labourers	1,691
Labourer	1,691
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	164
Mechanic	44
Shopman	3
Apprentice	0
Others of indef. occu.	117
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	53
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	53
Gentleman	40
Annuitant	13
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	46
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	43
Dependent on Relatives	6
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	1
Pauper, no stated occ.	14
Lunatic, no stated occ.	1
Others	21
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	2
Prisoner, no stated occ.	2
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	1
Vagrant, Beggar	1
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	363
Visitor, no stated occ.	17
Others of no stated occupation or condition	346

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.