Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 18 : " Occupations of Females aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Essex RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Females	101,923
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	97
(1) Officers of National Government	43
Post Office	43
Others	0
(2) Officers of Local Government	54
Prison Officer	4
Union and Parish Officer	49
Others	1
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,706
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	80
(a) Religious Teachers	66
(b) Pew Opener	9
Other Church Officers	5
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	0
Law Stationer, &c.	0
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	39
Druggist	10
Midwife	29
Other Dealers in Drugs	0
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	3
In Literature	3
(5) Artists	6
Artist, Painter	5
Engaged in Fine Arts	0
Others	1
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	45
(6} Musician	13
Music-mistress	32
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	1
Actress	1
In Theatres, Exhibitions	0
(8) Teachers	1,531
Schoolmistress	900
Teacher of Languages	13
General Teacher	138
Governess	479
Other Teachers	1
(9) Scientific Persons	1
Scientific Person	1
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	61,639
(1) Wives	52,451
Wives (not oth. des.)	52,451
(2) Widows	4,547
Widows (not oth. des.)	4,547
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	4,621
Children and Relatives	4,621
(4) Scholars (so described)	20
Scholars (so described)	20
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	13,187
(1) In Board and Lodging	1,554
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	82
Innkeeper’s "Wife"	377
Publican	120
Beerseller	89
Publican’s "Wife"	721
Lodging-house Keeper	104
Lodg.-ho. Kpr.'s "Wife"	12
Coffee-house Keeper	16
Officer of Institution	28
Others	5
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	11,633
Domst. Serv. (General)	4,817
Housekeeper	1,440
Cook	1,580
Housemaid	1,152
Nurse	803
Laundrymaid	217
Inn Servant	131
Hospital Nurse, &c.	43
Nurse (not Domst. Servt.)	522
Charwoman	914
Others	14
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	378
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	25
In Mercantile Pursuits	25
(2) Other General Dealers	353
Pawnbroker	3
Gen. Dlr., Costermonger	31
Shopkeeper	168
Shopkeeper’s "Wife"	58
Hawker and Pedlar	68
Other General Dealers	25
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	38
(1) Carriers on Railways	0
Railway Attendants	0
(2) Carriers on Roads	23
Toll Collector	11
Coach, Omn. Cab, Ownr.	2
Carrier, Carter	8
Others	2
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	4
On Canals and Rivers	4
Boat, Barge,--Woman	0
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	6
In Sea Navigation	0
Shipowner	4
Others	2
(5) Engaged in Storage	2
Warehouse Woman	2
Others in Storage	0
(6) Messengers and Porters	3
Mess., Port., Errand Girl	3
Others	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	5,108
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	5,083
Land Proprietor	199
Farmer, Grazier	364
Farmer’s "Wife"	2,800
Farmer’s "Dau.," "Grd.-dau.," "Str.," "Niece"	893
Agricultural Labourer.	607
Farm Servant (in-door)	219
Others in Agriculture	1
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	0
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	25
Gardener	23
Others in Horticulture	2
9. Persons engaged about Animals	7
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	7
Fisherwoman	3
Others	4
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	611
(1) In Books	23
Bookseller, Publisher	9
Bookbinder	6
Printer	1
Others in Publications	7
(2) In Musical Instrument	1
In Musical Instruments	1
(3) In Prints and Pictures	1
In Maps, Pictures	1
(4) In Carving and Figures	7
In Carving and Figures	0
Artificial Flower-maker	6
Others	1
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	20
Toy Maker, Dealer	20
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	0
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	0
Pattern Designer	0
Eng. about Medals, &c.	0
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	4
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	3
Mkr., Dlr., in Phil. Insts.	0
Others	1
(8) In Surgical Instruments	0
Surgical Instrumt. Mak.	0
(9) In Arms	2
In manuf. of Arms	2
(10) In Machines	1
Needle Manufacture	1
Scissors-maker	0
Steel Pen Maker	0
File-maker	0
Cutler	0
Others	0
(11) In Carriages	3
Carriage-maker	3
Coachmaker	0
(12) In Harness	12
Saddler, Harness-maker	9
Whip-maker	3
(13) In Ships	1
Ship, Boat,--Builder	1
(14) In Houses and Buildings	449
House Proprietor	430
Painter, Plumber, Glazr.	7
Others	12
(15) In Furniture	50
Cabinet-maker, Uphol.	45
Chair-maker	0
Furniture Broker	4
Others	1
(16) In Implements	6
Implement Maker	6
(17) In Chemicals	31
Dyer, Calenderer	5
Others	26
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	13,156
(1) In Wool and Worsted	31
Knitter	10
Woollen Cloth manuf.	2
Clothier	7
Worsted manufacture	3
Stuff manufacture	1
Berlin Wool,--Dlr., Wkr.	6
Flannel manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	1
Others	1
(2) In Silk	1,391
Silk manufacture	1,287
Ribbon manufacture	0
Fancy Goods (Silk)	2
Others	102
(3) In Cotton and Flax	86
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	0
Thread manufacture	0
Tape manuf., Dealer	0
Lace manufacture	72
Cotton manufacture	7
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Muslin Embroiderer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	2
Others	5
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	789
Weaver (undefined)	11
Draper, Mercer	140
Trimming-maker	2
Embroiderer	194
Others	442
(5) In Dress	10,838
Hatter, Hat manuf.	1
Straw Plait manuf.	1,710
Straw Hat, Bonnet, Mak.	110
Bonnet-maker	69
Cap-maker	11
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	5
Tailor	898
Clothes Dealer, Outfitter	7
Button-maker	0
Milliner, Dressmaker	2,873
Shirtmaker, Seamstress	909
Stay-maker	90
Fancy Worker	8
Hose, Stocking,--manuf.	2
Hosier, Haberdasher	15
Glover, Leather, &c.	37
Glove Knitter	0
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	268
Shoemaker's "Wife"	1,279
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	14
Laundress	2,523
Others	9
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	21
Mat Maker, Seller	6
Hemp manufacture	4
Rope, Cord,--Maker	3
Net-maker	4
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Other Workers in Hemp	4
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,165
(1) In Animal Food	608
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	47
Cheesemonger	1
Butcher	41
Butcher’s "Wife"	493
Provision Curer, Dealer	5
Poulterer, Game Dealer	9
Fishmonger	8
Others	4
(2) In Vegetable Food	259
Miller	7
Flour Dealer, Agent	9
Baker	106
Confectioner	59
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	68
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	7
Others	3
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	298
Brewer, &c.	7
Wine Merchant	7
Grocer, Tea Dealer	265
Tobo ,Cig.,Snuff, manuf.	1
Tobacconist	13
Others	5
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	18
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	4
Tallow-chandler	3
Comb-maker	0
Others	1
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	6
Currier	4
Others	2
(3) In Hair	8
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	8
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	55
(1) In Gums and Resins	7
French-polisher	0
Japanner	0
In Gums and Resins	7
Others	0
(2) In Wood	11
Wood Dealer	3
Box-maker	1
Others	7
(3) In Bark	0
Workers, Dlrs., in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	18
Basket-maker	11
Others	7
(5) In Paper	19
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1
Paper manufacture	0
Stationer (not Law)	17
Envelope-maker	1
Paper-box Maker	0
Paper-stainer	0
Other Workers in Paper	0
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	83
(1) In Mining	3
In Minerals	3
(2) In Coal	10
Coal Merchant, Dealer	7
Coal Labourer	1
Others	2
(3) In Stone, Clay	7
Brick Maker, Dealer	4
Others	3
(4) In Earthenware	24
Earthenware manuf.	5
Tobacco-pipe Maker	7
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	12
Others	0
(5) In Glass	1
Glass manufacture	1
Others	0
(6) In Salt	0
Salt Makers and Dealers	0
(7) In Water	0
Water Provider	0
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	4
In Gold, Silver, &c.	0
Goldsmith, Jeweller	3
Others	1
(9) In Copper	0
Workers, Dlrs., in Copper	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	1
Tin manufacture	1
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	0
In Zinc	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	0
In Lead	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	4
Pin manufacture	0
Lacquerer	0
Others	0
In Brass	4
(14) In Iron and Steel	29
Iron manufacture	1
Blacksmith	22
Nail manufacture	0
Anchor, Chain, Smith	0
Ironmonger	4
Screw Cutter, Maker	0
In Iron and Steel	0
Others	2
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	64
(1) General Labourers	24
Labourer	24
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	40
Shopwoman, Assistant	28
Others of indef. occupn.	12
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	1,655
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	1,655
Gentlewoman	445
Annuitant	1,210
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	1,506
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	1,464
Dependent on relatives	110
Almsperson, no. stat. occ.	248
Pauper, no stated occ.	941
Lunatic, no stated occ.	157
Others	8
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
Others of Criminal Class	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	42
Vagrant, Beggar	9
Gipsy	33
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	1,450
Visitor, no stated occ.	661
Others of no stated occupation or condition.	789

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.