1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

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OCCUPATIONS. Males.
[1]
Females.
[2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY. 16 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Civil Service (officers and clerks) 5 Show data context -
  Civil Service (messengers, &c.) 4 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Police 4 Show data context -
  Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer 2 Show data context -
  Other Local or County Official 1 Show data context -
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY. 2 Show data context -
  Soldier and Non-commissioned officer 1 Show data context -
  Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers 1 Show data context -
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES). 42 Show data context 57 Show data context
  Clergymen (Established Church) 2 Show data context -
  Minister, Priest of other religious bodies 1 Show data context -
  Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant 1 Show data context -
  Barrister, Solicitor 3 Show data context -
  Law Clerk, and others connected with the law 7 Show data context -
  Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner 7 Show data context -
  Subordinate Medical Service - 9 Show data context
  Schoolmaster 9 Show data context 22 Show data context
  Teacher, Professor, Lecturer 1 Show data context 16 Show data context
  Land, House, Ship, Surveyor 1 Show data context -
  Painter (artist) - 1 Show data context
  Musician, Music Master 4 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Art Student - 1 Show data context
  Photographer 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Actor 3 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service 1 Show data context -
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES. 22 Show data context 278 Show data context
  Domestic Coachman, Groom 6 Show data context -
  Domestic Gardener 3 Show data context -
  Domestic Indoor Servant 9 Show data context 210 Show data context
  Inn, Hotel Servant 4 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Charwoman - 19 Show data context
  Washing and Bathing Service - 41 Show data context
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS. 86 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Broker, Agent, Factor 1 Show data context -
  Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent 3 Show data context -
  Accountant 1 Show data context -
  Commercial Traveller 13 Show data context -
  Commercial Clerk 64 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Bank Service 4 Show data context -
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES. 95 Show data context 17 Show data context
  Railway Engine Driver, Stoker 4 Show data context -
  Railway Guard 2 Show data context -
  Other Railway Officials and Servants 13 Show data context -
  Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic) 4 Show data context -
  Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier 8 Show data context -
  Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service 2 Show data context -
  Warehouseman (not Manchester) 46 Show data context 16 Show data context
  Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government) 16 Show data context -
  Telegraph, Telephone Service - 1 Show data context
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE. 62 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Farmer, Grazier 9 Show data context -
  Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew 1 Show data context -
  Farm Bailiff 2 Show data context -
  Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager 33 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Shepherd 1 Show data context -
  Woodman 2 Show data context -
  Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist 1 Show data context -
  Gardener (not domestic) 13 Show data context -
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS. 8 Show data context -
  Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker 4 Show data context -
  Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman 1 Show data context -
  Drover 1 Show data context -
  Gamekeeper 2 Show data context -
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS. 41 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Printer 34 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Lithographer, Lithographic Printer 7 Show data context -
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS. 875 Show data context 880 Show data context
  Engine, Machine Maker 8 Show data context -
  Millwright 3 Show data context -
  Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine) 14 Show data context -
  Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker - 13 Show data context
  Tool Maker, Dealer 8 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Cutler, Scissors Maker 1 Show data context -
  File Maker 9 Show data context -
  Pin Maker 3 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Needle Maker 516 Show data context 595 Show data context
  Watch Maker, Clock Maker 12 Show data context -
  Surgical Instrument Maker 1 Show data context -
  Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer 1 Show data context -
  Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer 299 Show data context 256 Show data context
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS. 146 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Builder 6 Show data context -
  Carpenter, Joiner 46 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Bricklayer 30 Show data context -
  Mason 4 Show data context -
  Plasterer, Whitewasher 5 Show data context -
  Plumber 3 Show data context -
  Painter, Glazier 33 Show data context -
  Cabinet Maker 11 Show data context -
  French Polisher 3 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Furniture Broker, Dealer 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Gas Fitter 3 Show data context -
  Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker 1 Show data context -
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS. 13 Show data context -
  Coachmaker 3 Show data context -
  Wheelwright 7 Show data context -
  Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker 3 Show data context -
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS. 8 Show data context -
  Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Chemist, Druggist 7 Show data context -
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES. 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING. 147 Show data context 28 Show data context
  Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican 20 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Maltster 2 Show data context -
  Brewer 1 Show data context -
  Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer 7 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Milkseller, Dairyman 6 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Butcher, Meat Salesman 26 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Provision Curer, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Fishmonger 3 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer 4 Show data context -
  Corn Miller 1 Show data context -
  Baker 28 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Confectioner, Pastrycook 5 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Greengrocer, Fruiterer 3 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer 38 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer 1 Show data context -
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS. 19 Show data context 32 Show data context
  Ribbon Manufacture - 1 Show data context
  Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture - 2 Show data context
  Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Net Maker - 4 Show data context
  Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer 16 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 1 Show data context 16 Show data context
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS. 55 Show data context 147 Show data context
  Tailor 17 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker - 125 Show data context
  Shirt Maker, Seamstress - 18 Show data context
  Hosier, Haberdasher 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Glover, Glove Maker 1 Show data context -
  Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer 32 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Wig Maker, Hair Dresser 4 Show data context -
  Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer - 1 Show data context
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES. 6 Show data context 37 Show data context
  Others - 4 Show data context
  Currier 2 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer 4 Show data context 31 Show data context
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. 16 Show data context 76 Show data context
  Japanner - 1 Show data context
  Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker 2 Show data context -
  Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Sawyer 2 Show data context -
  Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker 1 Show data context -
  Wood Turner, Box Maker 4 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender 2 Show data context -
  Paper Manufacture - 6 Show data context
  Envelope Maker - 9 Show data context
  Stationer, Law Stationer 2 Show data context -
  Card, Pattern Card Maker - 3 Show data context
  Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker 1 Show data context 19 Show data context
  Ticket, Label Writer 1 Show data context 37 Show data context
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES. 62 Show data context 12 Show data context
  Coal Miner 1 Show data context -
  [Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook] 1 Show data context -
  Coal Merchant 6 Show data context -
  Gas Works Service 4 Show data context -
  Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer 4 Show data context -
  Platelayer 2 Show data context -
  Railway Labourer, Navvy 3 Show data context -
  [Iron Manufacture] 2 Show data context -
  [Steel Manufacture] 1 Show data context -
  Blacksmith 16 Show data context -
  Anchor, Chain Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant 3 Show data context -
  Other Iron and Steel Manufacture 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 11 Show data context -
  Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier 2 Show data context -
  Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer - 2 Show data context
  White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer 1 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Others - 2 Show data context
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES. 174 Show data context 47 Show data context
  General Shopkeeper, Dealer 5 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Pawnbroker 1 Show data context -
  Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller 5 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined) 15 Show data context 7 Show data context
  General Labourer 115 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural) 12 Show data context -
  Artizan, Mechanic (undefined) 6 Show data context 9 Show data context
  Apprentice (undefined) - 1 Show data context
  Factory Labourer (undefined) 6 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined) 9 Show data context 5 Show data context
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS. 9 Show data context -
  Town Drainage Service 4 Show data context -
  Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant 4 Show data context -
  Rag Gatherer, Dealer 1 Show data context -
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS. 33 Show data context 73 Show data context
  Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation 33 Show data context 73 Show data context
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION] 26 Show data context 724 Show data context
  [Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning] 4 Show data context 11 Show data context
  [Blank field, or illegible] 22 Show data context 713 Show data context

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1 This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2 In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3 NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4 The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5 Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6 In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.


Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)